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Radiological criteria for restroation of land

机译：恢复土地的放射性标准

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The development of nuclear facilities, the conduct of weapons tests and a number of accidents have given rise to varying degrees of radioactive contamination of land and buildings. Guidance on radiological criteria for the recovery phase following accidents and for the remediation of contaminated land has been developed by the International Commission on Radiological Protection and by the international agencies which produced the International Basic Safety Standards. The interventions used to avert doses to affected groups and to restore land to allow a return to normal living conditions are relocation, restrictions on food and water, cleanup of contaminated areas and facilities, and actions to reduce the uptake of radionuclides in foodstuffs. A generic intervention level for relocation/resettlement is a dose of the order of 10 mSv/a, or a lifetime dose approaching 1 Sv. There is now extensive experience and information on methods of cleanup and decontamination and on measures for reducing the uptake of radionuclides into foodstuffs. Where remediation is carried out to allow alternative land uses in decommissioned facilities or sites that were subject to regulatory controls while in operation, doses to critical groups should be controlled as they are for practices. In other cases, the choice of basic approach to remediation may not be clear, or it may be unacceptable to society to have differing cleanup end points dependent on the particular approach taken. It has been proposed that dose constraints be established as part of the optimization procedure in such situations.
机译：核设施的发展，武器试验的行为和许多事故产生了不同程度的土地和建筑物的放射性污染。国际放射性保护委员会和国际机构制定了关于事故后及对污染土地进行污染土地的修复的放射性标准的指导。用于避免影响的群体和恢复土地以允许恢复正常生活条件的干预措施是搬迁，对食品和水的限制，污染的地区和设施清理，以及减少食品中放射性核素摄取的动作。用于重定位/移植的通用干预水平是10msV / A的量级，或终身剂量接近1 sv的剂量。现在有关于清理和净化方法的广泛的经验和信息，以及降低放射性核素摄入食品的措施。在进行修复的情况下，在运作中允许在退役的设施或待监管对照的途径中使用的替代土地使用时，应控制临界群体的剂量，因为它们是实践的。在其他情况下，对修复的基本方法的选择可能不明确，或者对社会可能是不可接受的，以取决于所采取的特定方法。已经提出，作为在这种情况下的优化过程的一部分建立剂量约束。

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