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Use of patient specific 3D printed neurovascular phantoms to evaluate the clinical utility of a high resolution x-ray imager

机译:使用患者特异性的3D印刷的神经血管幽灵评估高分辨率X射线成像仪的临床效用

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Modern 3D printing technology can fabricate vascular phantoms based on an actual human patient with a high degree of precision facilitating a realistic simulation environment for an intervention. We present two experimental setups using 3D printed patient-specific neurovasculature to simulate different disease anatomies. To simulate the human neurovasculature in the Circle of Willis, patient-based phantoms with aneurysms were 3D printed using a Objet Eden 260V printer. Anthropomorphic head phantoms and a human skull combined with acrylic plates simulated human head bone anatomy and x-ray attenuation. For dynamic studies the 3D printed phantom was connected to a pulsatile flow loop with the anthropomorphic phantom underneath. By combining different 3D printed phantoms and the anthropomorphic phantoms, different patient pathologies can be simulated. For static studies a 3D printed neurovascular phantom was embedded inside a human skull and used as a positional reference for treatment devices such as stents. To simulate tissue attenuation acrylic layers were added. Different combinations can simulate different patient treatment procedures. The Complementary-Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor (CMOS) based High Resolution Fluoroscope (HRF) with 75μm pixels offers an advantage over the state-of-the-art 200 μm pixel Flat Panel Detector (FPD) due to higher Nyquist frequency and better DQE performance. Whether this advantage is clinically useful during an actual clinical neurovascular intervention can be addressed by qualitatively evaluating images from a cohort of various cases performed using both detectors. The above-mentioned method can offer a realistic substitute for an actual clinical procedure. Also a large cohort of cases can be generated and used for a HRF clinical utility determination study.
机译:现代3D打印技术可以根据实际的人类患者制造血管幽灵,具有高度精确的精度,促进了一个用于干预的现实模拟环境。我们使用3D印刷的患者特异性神经血管动物来展示两个实验设置,以模拟不同的疾病解剖。为了模拟威利斯圈中的人类神经血管动物,患者的患者与动脉瘤的幻影使用Objet Eden 260V打印机印刷3D。拟蒽术头偶像和人头骨与丙烯酸板相结合,模拟人头骨解剖和X射线衰减。对于动态研究,3D印刷的幻影与下面的拟蒽型虚线连接到脉动流量环。通过组合不同的3D印刷的幽灵和拟蒽型模拟,可以模拟不同的患者病理学。对于静态研究,将3D印刷的神经血管幻影嵌入人颅骨内,并用作支架如支架的治疗装置的位置参考。为了模拟组织衰减丙烯酸层。不同的组合可以模拟不同的患者治疗程序。具有75μm像素的互补金属 - 氧化物半导体(CMOS)的高分辨率荧光镜(HRF)通过更高的奈奎斯特频率和更好的DQE,在最先进的200μm像素平板检测器(FPD)上提供了优势表现。在实际的临床上是临床上有用的,可以通过定性评估来自使用两个探测器的各种病例的群体的图像来解决的实际临床神经血管干预。上述方法可以提供实际临床程序的现实替代品。还可以生成大群组群体并用于HRF临床公用事业测定研究。

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