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首页> 外文会议>Membrane technology 2008 >SWINE MANURE TREATMENT AND NUTRIENT CONCENTRATION BYNANOFILTRATION AND REVERSE OSMOSIS
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SWINE MANURE TREATMENT AND NUTRIENT CONCENTRATION BYNANOFILTRATION AND REVERSE OSMOSIS

机译：纳滤和反渗透处理猪粪和养分含量

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The performance of four nanofiltration (NF) and five reverse osmosis (RO) membranes wasrnevaluated during the concentration of manure from a commercial farrow-to-finish swinernoperation. The raw manure (38.9 g/l total solids (TS)) was prefiltered through diatomaceousrnearth to yield a liquid fraction containing 12.3 g/l TS and 3.5 g/l total ammonia-N (TAN).rnPretreated manure concentration in 24% of the initial volume with the NF membranes producedrna permeate that contained between 3.0 and 7.1 g/l TS, and between 1.3 and 2.5 g/l TAN. Thus,rnNF could not produce water reusable in the barn.rnRetention by RO membranes during the concentration of pretreated manure in 46% of the initialrnvolume ranged from 95.2% to 99.6% for TS and from 84.0% to 94.9% for TAN. Total ammonia-rnN retention tended to decrease with an increase in TAN level in the concentrate and a decrease inrnoperating pressure. With the most selective RO membrane (98.75% salt retention), the permeaterncollected during manure concentration in 24% of the initial volume contained an average ofrn372 mg/l TAN and 202 mg/l TS. Permeate quality may not be sufficient for some water reusernapplications, such as drinking water for animals or discharge to a water course, but the permeaterncould be used to fertigate adjacent fields or utilized for cleaning in all-in all-out operations. Thernconcentrate had a high fertilizer value with approximately 8 g/l of TAN and potassium.rnReverse osmosis membranes were also used as a second stage to purify NF and RO permeates.rnFiltering the NF pretreatment through a RO membrane did not improved final permeate qualityrncompared to a single stage RO filtration, but the operating pressure of the RO stage could bernreduced by 25% to 33%. A second filtration of the RO permeate only reduced TANrnconcentration in the first permeate by about 45%, because of the high pH that developed duringrnthe first stage.rnWith all membranes, initial flux could be recovered by cleaning the system with an alkalinernsolution after up to 12 days of continuous pretreated manure concentration. However, RO fluxrndecreased considerably during the concentration process due to increased osmotic pressure byrnthe high salt level in the concentrate. Elevated pressures will be required if a high degree ofrnmanure concentration were required.
机译：在商业化分娩到肥育的粪肥浓缩过程中，对四个纳滤（NF）和五个反渗透（RO）膜的性能进行了评估。通过硅藻土对粗粪肥（38.9 g / l总固体（TS））进行预过滤，得到含有12.3 g / l TS和3.5 g / l总氨氮（TAN）的液体馏分。rn预处理粪肥浓度为24％产生的NF膜的初始体积渗透的TS含量在3.0至7.1 g / l之间，TAN则在1.3至2.5 g / l之间。因此，rnNF不能产生可在谷仓中重复使用的水。在46％的初始粪便中，预处理粪肥的浓度期间，RO膜的截留率从TS的95.2％到99.6％，从TAN的84.0％到94.9％不等。随着精矿中TAN含量的增加和过床压力的降低，总氨rnN保留量倾向于降低。使用选择性最强的RO膜（保留98.75％的盐），在粪肥浓缩过程中以初始体积的24％收集的透水平均含有rnrn 372 mg / l TAN和202 mg / l TS。渗透水的质量可能不足以用于某些水的再利用应用，例如用于动物的饮用水或排放到水道中，但渗透水可用于灌溉邻近的田地或用于全力以赴的清洁操作。浓缩液具有较高的肥料价值，约含8 g / l的TAN和钾。rn反渗透膜还被用作第二阶段纯化NF和RO渗透物。rn通过RO膜过滤NF预处理并没有提高最终渗透物的质量。单级反渗透过滤，但反渗透级的操作压力可降低25％至33％。 RO渗透液的第二次过滤仅将第一渗透液中的TANrn浓度降低了约45％，这是因为在第一阶段过程中形成了高pH.rn对于所有的膜，可通过在多达12次后用碱性溶液清洗系统来回收初始流量。连续预处理粪肥浓度的天数。然而，由于浓缩物中高盐含量导致渗透压升高，RO流量在浓缩过程中大大降低。如果需要较高的粪肥浓度，则需要升高压力。

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