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首页> 外文会议>NATO Advanced Research Workshop on Role of Geoinformation Technology in Mitigation Consequences of Chernobyl Nuclear Accident, Sep 17-21, 2001, Yalta, Ukraine >THE CHERNOBYL SARCOPHAGUS PROJECT OF THE GERMAN-FRENCH INITIATIVE
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THE CHERNOBYL SARCOPHAGUS PROJECT OF THE GERMAN-FRENCH INITIATIVE

机译：法文倡议的切尔诺贝利·萨科普古斯计划

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After the declaration of Germany and France at the Vienna Chernobyl Conference in April 1996 to support the international co-operation of institutions of the Ukraine, Belarus and Russia in view of a solution of the Chernobyl related issues, three project were identified, i.e. the safety state of the Chernobyl Sarcophagus, the radioecological consequences due to the radioactive contaminated areas and the health consequences of the liquidators and the population in Ukraine, Belarus and Russia after the Chernobyl accident. The projects are funded by the governments and by the electricity utilities of Germany and France, respectively. In this paper the Sarcophagus project will be presented. Fifteen years after the accident of Unit 4 of the Chernobyl NPP the Sarcophagus still remains one of the most dangerous nuclear facilities in the world. The ruin of the destroyed Unit 4 and its surrounding Sarcophagus together are termed object Shelter. The Sarcophagus was erected in a relatively short time period of several months on the basements of old structures of unknown stability of the former unit 4. Inside the Shelter remained about 96 % of the irradiated nuclear fuel inventory of the reactor of unit 4 before the accident, i.e. 180 t of Uranium of total radioactivity 7 x 10~17 Bq. The radioactive releases to the industrial site of 500 m radius around the Chernobyl NPP during the first ten days after the accident were estimated to amount 0,5 -1,0 % of the fuel inventory. The spent fuel inside the Shelter and the radioactive contamination at the industrial site have an essential impact on all human activities concerned with investigation work, maintenance and stabilizing measures which are presently under progress e.g. in the framework of the Shelter Implementation Plan because of the radiation exposure. For planning of any actions towards a stabilizing of the unstable building constructions of the Shelter and of measures to retain the radioactive materials inside the Sarcophagus a unified and comprehensive database of all safety relevant technical data describing the present safety state of the Shelter is required. Hence, the main aim of the Shelter project is the collection, analysis and selection as well as verification of all existing safety relevant data of the Shelter and the creation of an appropriate database. The database will be useful for different applications, e. g. for performing stabilizing measures in the framework of the Shelter Implementation Plan(SIP) or for the corresponding licensing procedure of the national authority of Ukraine.
机译：在德国和法国于1996年4月在维也纳切尔诺贝利会议上宣布为支持乌克兰，白俄罗斯和俄罗斯机构的国际合作而提出的切尔诺贝利相关问题的解决方案之后，确定了三个项目，即安全切尔诺贝利石棺的州，切尔诺贝利事故后由放射性污染区引起的放射生态后果以及乌克兰，白俄罗斯和俄罗斯的清算人和居民的健康后果。这些项目分别由德国政府和法国的电力公司资助。本文将介绍石棺项目。切尔诺贝利核电站4号机组事故发生十五年后，石棺仍然是世界上最危险的核设施之一。被摧毁的第4单元及其周围的石棺的废墟被称为“避难所”。石棺在几个月前的较短时间内竖立在前单元4稳定性未知的旧结构的地下室上，在事故发生之前，住房内仍保留着单元4反应堆辐照核燃料库存的约96％。即铀180吨，总放射性7 x 10〜17 Bq。事故发生后的前十天内，向切尔诺贝利核电站周围半径500 m半径的工业场所释放的放射性物质估计占燃料库存的0.5 -1.0％。收容所内的乏燃料和工业现场的放射性污染对与调查工作，维护和稳定措施有关的所有人类活动都具有至关重要的影响，这些活动目前正在进展中，例如：由于辐射暴露，在住房实施计划的框架内。为了计划采取任何措施稳定住所的不稳定建筑结构，并采取措施将放射性物质保留在石棺内，需要一个统一而全面的数据库，其中包含描述住所当前安全状态的所有安全相关技术数据。因此，住房项目的主要目的是收集，分析和选择住房以及对住房现有的所有与安全有关的数据进行核查，并建立适当的数据库。该数据库对于不同的应用将是有用的，例如。 G。用于在庇护实施计划（SIP）的框架内执行稳定措施，或在乌克兰国家主管部门进行相应的许可程序。

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