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首页> 外文会议>NATO Advanced Research Workshop on Structural Biology and Functional Genomics Trieste, Italy 4-8 May 1998 >Mechanisms of separation of the complementary strands of DNA during replication
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Mechanisms of separation of the complementary strands of DNA during replication

机译：复制过程中DNA互补链的分离机制

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摘要

This article is a perspective on the separation of the complementary strands of DNA during replication. Given the challenges of DNA strand separation and its vital importance, it is not surprising that cells have developed many strategies for promoting unlinking. We summarize seven different factors that contribute to strand separation and chromosome segregation. These are: 1. supercoiling promotes unlinking by condensation of DNA; 2. unlinking takes place throughout a replicating domain by the complementary action of topoisomerases on precatenanes and supercoils; 3. topological domains isolate the events near the replication fork and permit the supercoiling-dependent condensation of partially replicated DNA; 4. type-II topoisomerases use ATP to actively unlink DNA past the equilibrium position; 5. the effective DNA concentration in vivo is less than the global DNA concentration; 6. mechanical forces help unlink chromosomes; and 7. site- specific recombination promotes unlinking at the termination of replication by resolving circular dimeric chromosomes.
机译：本文是复制过程中DNA互补链分离的观点。考虑到DNA链分离的挑战及其至关重要的意义，细胞开发出许多促进解链的策略也就不足为奇了。我们总结了有助于链分离和染色体分离的七个不同因素。它们是：1.超螺旋通过DNA的缩合促进解链； 2.通过拓扑异构酶对儿茶素和超螺旋的互补作用，在整个复制域中发生解链； 3.拓扑结构域隔离复制叉附近的事件，并允许部分复制的DNA超螺旋依赖性缩合； 4. II型拓扑异构酶使用ATP主动使DNA脱键超过平衡位置； 5.体内有效DNA浓度小于总体DNA浓度； 6.机械力帮助解开染色体； 7.位点特异性重组通过解析环状二聚体染色体促进复制终止时的解链。

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