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首页> 外文会议>Ninth International Conference on Human-Computer Interaction, Aug 5-10, 2001, New Orleans, Louisiana U.S.A. >The Role of Information Presentation in Decision-Making during Anesthesia
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The Role of Information Presentation in Decision-Making during Anesthesia

机译：信息表达在麻醉过程中决策中的作用

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摘要

Unexpected incidents are common in critical care medicine. Adverse outcomes frequently are catastrophic endpoints of an "evolving" chain of often-subtle incidents. A strategy to reduce the likelihood of a catastrophic outcome is to improve the early detection, diagnosis and treatment of the subtle incidents leading to a catastrophe. In anesthesia, the fundamental processes to be monitored are respiration, metabolism, circulation, and depth of anesthesia. When changes in one or more monitored variables indicate instability, the anesthesiologist's attention should be drawn to the variable or variables that have changed. The likelihood of a patient's injury is a function of the time required for discovery of these changes. If information can be presented more efficiently by using graphical displays, then decision-making during anesthesia and patient safety will be improved. Graphic displays facilitate discovery, diagnosis, and treatment of a patient's abnormal state by functionally integrating variables into graphical objects. In such displays, deviations from normal are often shown by distortions of symmetry that correspond to the changes in monitored variables. In these displays changes of variables can be detected faster than in traditional displays that show numbers and waveforms. After discovering that a monitored variable has changed, the anesthesiologist has to diagnose the problem. Diagnosis is supported by graphical displays that map physiologic variables into display objects that have meaningful shapes. Finally, the process of treating an event is aided by a graphical display that shows casual constraints between key variables. Graphical displays have been shown to reduce the time to initiate the treatment, reduce the amount of drugs used, and increases the percentage of time that variables are in the optimal range. A graphical cardio-vascular display was developed using these principles. The display was designed to improve detection of change by using symmetrical shaped, to improve diagnosis by providing specific patterns for different diagnoses, and to improve treatment by providing information about the relation betwe.en different variables.
机译：在重症监护医学中，意外事件很常见。不良后果经常是一系列经常发生的细微事件不断演变的灾难性终点。减少灾难性结果可能性的策略是改善对导致灾难的细微事件的早期检测，诊断和处理。在麻醉中，要监测的基本过程是呼吸，新陈代谢，循环和麻醉深度。当一个或多个监测变量的变化表明不稳定时，应将麻醉师的注意力吸引到已变化的一个或多个变量上。患者受伤的可能性是发现这些变化所需时间的函数。如果可以通过使用图形显示更有效地呈现信息，则可以改善麻醉过程中的决策和患者的安全性。图形显示通过将变量功能性地集成到图形对象中，有助于发现，诊断和治疗患者的异常状态。在这样的显示器中，通常通过与监视变量的变化相对应的对称变形来显示与法线的偏离。与传统的显示数字和波形的显示器相比，在这些显示器中可以更快地检测到变量的变化。在发现监控变量已更改后，麻醉师必须诊断问题。图形显示支持诊断，这些图形显示将生理变量映射到形状有意义的显示对象中。最后，事件的处理过程由图形显示辅助，该图形显示了关键变量之间的随意约束。已经显示出图形显示，以减少启动治疗的时间，减少使用的药物数量，并增加变量在最佳范围内的时间百分比。使用这些原理开发了图形化的心血管显示。该显示器旨在通过使用对称形状改善对变化的检测，通过为不同诊断提供特定模式来改善诊断，并通过提供有关不同变量之间关系的信息来改善治疗效果。

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