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Mitigating Competitiveness Effects in Climate Policy:Border Tax Adjustments or Integrated Emission Trading?

机译：缓解气候政策中的竞争影响：边境税调整或综合排放权交易？

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摘要

In 2007, the European Union (EU) has agreed on an ambitious plan for the post-Kyoto era, envisioning a reduction of carbon dioxide emissions in Europe by 20 percent versus 1990 levels in 2020. To achieve that goal, the EU builds on the administrative framework of the emission trading system (ETS) which was established in 2005 and will enter its second phase in 2008. Obviously, more stringent environmental policies raise concerns on competitiveness, particularly to those sectors that are energy-intensive, export-oriented and not covered by globally harmonized policies but subject to unilateral actions: Companies from the EU member states facing high prices of emission certificates might find it difficult to compete against foreign companies unconstrained by such environmental regulation. As a remedy for this apparent problem, a range of alternative policy options may be applied. In this paper we investigate two different policies for mitigating detrimental effects of climate policy on domestic competitiveness and leakage rate: border tax adjustments (BTA) and integrated emission trading (IET). Whereas under the former both tax compensation for exporters and tariffs for importers are quantity-based, the latter system envisions trade in emission certificates for any company that intends to sell its goods in the domestic market.
机译：2007年，欧盟（EU）商定了后京都时代的雄心勃勃的计划，设想到2020年将欧洲的二氧化碳排放量与1990年的水平相比减少20％。为实现这一目标，欧盟以排放交易系统（ETS）的管理框架于2005年建立，并将于2008年进入第二阶段。显然，更严格的环境政策引起了人们对竞争力的关注，特别是对那些能源密集型，出口导向型和非能源密集型行业的竞争力受到全球统一政策的约束，但会采取单方面行动：面对排放证书价格高昂的欧盟成员国公司，可能会发现很难与不受此类环境法规约束的外国公司竞争。作为此明显问题的补救措施，可以应用一系列替代策略选项。在本文中，我们研究了两种缓解气候政策对国内竞争力和泄漏率的不利影响的政策：边境税调整（BTA）和综合排放权交易（IET）。在前一种情况下，对出口商的税收补偿和对进口商的关税都是基于数量的，而后一种系统则设想了任何打算在国内市场出售其产品的公司的排放证书贸易。

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  • 会议地点 Istanbul(TR)
  • 作者

    Victoria Alexeeva-Talebi; Andreas Loeschel; Tim Mennel;

  • 作者单位

    Centre for European Economic Research (ZEW) P.O. Box 103443 68034 Mannheim Germany. Emails: alexeeva-talebi@zew.de;

    Centre for European Economic Research (ZEW) P.O. Box 103443 68034 Mannheim Germany. Emails: loeschel@zew.de;

    Centre for European Economic Research (ZEW) P.O. Box 103443 68034 Mannheim Germany. Emails: mennel@zew.de;

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