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首页> 外文会议>Photonic applications for aerospace, commercial, and harsh environments IV >Spectral Observation of Fuel Additives in Gasoline-Ethanol Blends using a Fourier-Transform Raman Spectrometer Prototype
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Spectral Observation of Fuel Additives in Gasoline-Ethanol Blends using a Fourier-Transform Raman Spectrometer Prototype

机译：使用傅里叶变换拉曼光谱仪原型对汽油-乙醇混合物中燃料添加剂进行光谱观察

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摘要

The combination of fossil fuels with bio-fuels, specially ethanol and methanol, has acquired relevance and attention in several countries in recent years. A variety of factors have induced this trend: market prices, constant geopolitical events, new sustainability policies and laws, etc. The fuels used in the automotive industry, including bio-fuels, normally contain additives as anti-shock agents and as octane booster. These additives may endanger (beside the high volatility implied) public health or environment due to the nature of its chemical composition. Raman spectral information from different additives, specially toluene, contained in E10 gasoline-ethanol blends has been obtained by using an own-design Fourier-Transform Raman spectrometer (FT-Raman). This information has been also compared with Raman spectra from pure additives and with standard Raman lines in order to validate its accuracy in frequency. The spectral information is presented in the range of 0 cm~(-1) to 3500 cm~(-1) with a resolution of 1.66 cm~(-1). The Raman spectra obtained shows a reduced frequency deviation (less than 0.4 cm~(-1) when compared to standard Raman spectra from different calibration materials, e.g. cyclohexane and toluene, without compensation for instrumental response). The Fourier-Transform Raman spectrometer prototype used for the spectral analysis, consisting of a Michelson interferometer and a self-designed photon counter cooled down on a three stage Peltier element arrangement, is able to extract high resolution and precise Raman spectra from the additives in the fuels analyzed. The proposed FT-Raman prototype has no additional complex hardware or software control. The mechanical and thermal disturbances affecting the FT-Raman system are mathematically compensated by extracting the optical path information from the generated interference pattern of a λ = 632.8 nm Helium-Neon laser (HeNe laser), which is used at the spectrum evaluation. This allows the device to be used in complicated environments where certain level of security is required (e.g. fuel production, storage, transportation, etc.).
机译：近年来，化石燃料与生物燃料（特别是乙醇和甲醇）的结合已在一些国家引起关注和关注。导致这种趋势的因素有很多：市场价格，持续的地缘政治事件，新的可持续性政策和法律等。在汽车工业中使用的燃料，包括生物燃料，通常都包含添加剂，作为抗震剂和辛烷值促进剂。这些添加剂由于其化学成分的性质，可能会危害公共健康或环境（隐含高挥发性）。通过使用自行设计的傅里叶变换拉曼光谱仪（FT-Raman）获得了E10汽油-乙醇混合物中不同添加剂（特别是甲苯）的拉曼光谱信息。还将该信息与纯添加剂的拉曼光谱和标准拉曼谱线进行了比较，以验证其频率精度。光谱信息在0 cm〜（-1）到3500 cm〜（-1）范围内，分辨率为1.66 cm〜（-1）。所获得的拉曼光谱显示出减小的频率偏差（与来自不同校准材料（例如环己烷和甲苯）的标准拉曼光谱相比，小于0.4 cm〜（-1），而没有补偿仪器响应）。用于光谱分析的傅里叶变换拉曼光谱仪原型由一个迈克尔逊干涉仪和一个自行设计的光子计数器组成，该计数器在三级珀耳帖元件布置上冷却，能够从样品中的添加剂中提取高分辨率和精确的拉曼光谱。分析燃料。拟议的FT拉曼原型没有额外的复杂硬件或软件控制。通过从产生的λ= 632.8 nm氦氖激光器（HeNe激光器）的干涉图中提取光路信息，可以数学方式补偿影响FT拉曼系统的机械干扰和热干扰，该光谱用于光谱评估。这使得该设备可用于需要一定级别的安全性的复杂环境中（例如，燃料生产，存储，运输等）。

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