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首页> 外文会议>Proceedings of the 18th congress of the International Society for Mushroom Science >Cordyceps sinensis: A Medicinal Mushroom for the Economic Sustainability of the Tribes in District Pithoragarh, Uttarakhand, India
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Cordyceps sinensis: A Medicinal Mushroom for the Economic Sustainability of the Tribes in District Pithoragarh, Uttarakhand, India

机译：冬虫夏草：印度北阿坎德邦皮索拉加尔地区部落经济可持续发展的药用蘑菇

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Uttrakhand a hill state of India is gifted with a rich mushroom flora that includes one of the most valuable medicinal mushrooms Cordyceps sinensis which parasitizes the larvae of a moth of the genus Hepialus and survives in alpines grasslands of the high altitudes of Himalayas ranging from 3 000-5 000m. Tibetans know the fungus as Yartsa Gumbu, ( summer grass-winter worm), and locally in Pithoragarh as' Keera Ghas' (insect herb). Collection and trade of this caterpillar fungus is one of the most important sources of income for scheduled tribes of district Pithoragarh, Uttrakhand. It has tremendous impact on the economy of scheduled tribes and often derives over 70% of their annual cash income from its collection. A family of four to five collects about half to one kilogram C. sinensis and in two to three months period they earn over 1.0 -2. 0 lakhs or more which is enough to sustain them for rest of the year. Since last few years Cordyceps has been traded very extensively in Dharchula and Munsyari blocks of Pithoragarh,Uttrakhand. The estimated volume of trade in Uttrakhand was 1 250-1 800 kg/year during last five years from 2004 to 2008. The fungus brought to the market by local gatherers particularly scheduled tribes of high altitudes and sold to agents or brokers in Munsyari and Dharchula which was further forwarded by them to traders comes from Delhi, Nepal, Bhutan and Tibet. Some brokers or traders buy the Cordyceps directly from the gatherers in the villages Chipla, Ralam, Laspa, Burfa, Karschila, Budhi Galja, Chalm, Boin, Bon, Dugtu, Panchachuli, Nampa and Api of high altitudes in Pithoragarh. In fact, there is no organized trade for the product so far. Therefore, price varied at the level of gatherers and brokers in different years from Rs. 60 000. 00 to Rs. 3. 50 lakh and Rs. 90 000. 00 to Rs. 5. 00 lakh, respectively during the year 2004 to 2010.
机译：印度丘陵州的Uttrakhand拥有丰富的蘑菇菌群，其中包括最有价值的药用蘑菇冬虫夏草之一，该虫草寄生了Hepialus蛾类的幼虫，并在喜马拉雅山海拔3000的高山草原上生存-5 000m。藏族人把这种真菌称为Yartsa Gumbu（夏草冬季蠕虫），而在Pithoragarh则将其称为“ Keera Ghas”（昆虫药草）。这种毛虫真菌的收集和贸易是北阿坎德邦皮索拉加尔地区定期部落最重要的收入来源之一。它对预定部落的经济产生了巨大影响，通常从其收集的现金中获得其年度现金收入的70％以上。一个四到五口之家收集大约一半至一公斤的中华.。在两到三个月的时间内，他们的收入超过1.0 -2。 0十万卢比或更多，足以维持他们一年中的剩余时间。自从最近几年以来，冬虫夏草在北阿坎德邦的皮索拉加尔的达古拉（Dharchula）和蒙萨里（Munsyari）街区进行了非常广泛的交易。从2004年到2008年的最近五年中，Uttrakhand的估计贸易量为1 250-1 800千克/年。这种真菌由当地采集者（特别是预定的高海拔部落）推向市场，并出售给Munsyari和Dharchula的代理商或经纪人他们进一步转发给贸易商来自德里，尼泊尔，不丹和西藏。一些经纪人或商人直接从Pithoragarh海拔较高的奇普拉，拉兰，拉斯帕，布尔法，卡尔希拉，布迪·加利亚，查尔姆，博恩，邦，杜格图，潘恰丘利，南帕和阿皮等村庄的采集者那里购买虫草。实际上，到目前为止，该产品还没有组织的贸易。因此，在不同年份，价格在收集者和经纪人的水平上与卢比不同。 60 000. Rs为CNY 3. 500万卢比和卢比。 90 000. Rs。 2004年至2010年期间分别为500万。

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