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首页> 外文会议>Proceedings of the 43rd annual loss prevention symposium >Explosion Characteristics of Hydrogen-Air Mixtures in a Confined Space
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Explosion Characteristics of Hydrogen-Air Mixtures in a Confined Space

机译：密闭空间中氢气-空气混合物的爆炸特性

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Hydrogen has been proposed as a potential fuel to replace fossil fuels and to reduce carbon emissions. This paper presents experimental data on the explosion characteristics of hydrogen-air mixtures in a 20-L sphere. This includes the maximum explosion pressure, deflagration index, the exponent parameter of the burning velocity, and the burning parameter. Methods and equations are provided to estimate these parameters.rnThe experimental maximum explosion pressure agrees with the theoretical value estimated using a chemical equilibrium program if the concentration of hydrogen is from 10 % to 75% in air - but not close to the flammable limits. Therefore, the maximum pressure can be estimated conservatively by the equilibrium program regardless of the size of the explosion vessel.rnThe deflagration index for hydrogen-air mixtures, even if normalized by the cube root of the volume of explosion vessel, is found to be sensitive to the vessel volume. The maximum deflagration index in our 20-L explosion vessel is measured as 970 bar-m/sec at 36 vol. % of hydrogen in air. Other investigators have shown that it increases with the volume of the explosion vessel. We propose a theoretical model to estimate the deflagration index. This model shows that the experimentally determined value depends highly on the fraction of burnt gas just before the flame contacts the vessel wall. This model can be used to estimate a maximum deflagration index assuming the flame propagates to and arrives at the vessel wall at the same time without any previous quenching. The deflagration index estimated using this approach has a value as high as 1,700 bar-m/sec.rnThe apparent burning velocity increases as the pressure increases during the explosion. The exponent parameter is a constant to correlate the variation of the apparentrnburning velocity with the change in pressure during the explosion - which we determined to be about 0.45 for hydrogen-air mixtures.rnA burning parameter was also calculated from our experimental data. The burning parameter is directly related to the laminar burning velocity of the gas mixture and the wrinkling of the flame front. It is a single kinetic parameter that can be used with a flame growth model to calculate the pressure-time history from initial ignition up to the maximum explosion pressure. An empirical equation for the burning parameter for hydrogen-air mixtures is developed from this work. The maximum value of the burning parameter occurs at about 40 vol. % of hydrogen in air, which is above the stoichiometric concentration of 29.6 vol. %.rnThe proposed equations and methods for estimating the maximum explosion pressure, burning parameter, and deflagration index will be useful for safely using hydrogen to prevent catastrophic accidents in the application of hydrogen gas.
机译：已经提出了氢作为替代化石燃料并减少碳排放的潜在燃料。本文提供了有关20 L球形氢-空气混合物爆炸特性的实验数据。这包括最大爆炸压力，爆燃指数，燃烧速度的指数参数和燃烧参数。提供了估算这些参数的方法和方程式。如果空气中氢的浓度在10％至75％之间，但不接近可燃极限，则实验最大爆炸压力与使用化学平衡程序估算的理论值一致。因此，无论爆炸容器的大小如何，均可以通过平衡程序保守地估计最大压力.rn即使发现爆炸容器容积的立方根，氢气-空气混合物的爆燃指数也很敏感。船只的体积。我们的20升爆炸容器中的最大爆燃指数在36伏时测得为970 bar-m / sec。空气中氢气的百分比。其他研究人员表明，爆炸物随爆炸容器的体积而增加。我们提出了一个理论模型来估算爆燃指数。该模型表明，实验确定的值高度依赖于火焰刚好接触容器壁之前的燃烧气体比例。该模型可用于估计最大爆燃指数，假设火焰同时传播到容器壁并到达容器壁，而无需事先进行淬火。使用这种方法估算的爆燃指数值高达1,700 bar-m /sec。rn视在燃烧速度随着爆炸过程中压力的增加而增加。指数参数是使表观燃烧速度的变化与爆炸过程中压力变化相关的常数-我们确定氢-空气混合物约为0.45.rn也从我们的实验数据中计算出燃烧参数。燃烧参数与气体混合物的层流燃烧速度和火焰前沿的起皱直接相关。它是一个动力学参数，可以与火焰增长模型一起使用，以计算从初始点火到最大爆炸压力的压力-时间历史。这项工作为氢气-空气混合物的燃烧参数建立了一个经验公式。燃烧参数的最大值出现在大约40 vol。空气中氢气的％（高于化学计量浓度29.6 vol。建议的用于估计最大爆炸压力，燃烧参数和爆燃指数的方程式和方法，对于安全使用氢气以防止氢气使用中的灾难性事故非常有用。

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  • 会议地点 Tampa FL(US);Tampa FL(US);Tampa FL(US)
  • 作者

    Young-Do Jo; Daniel A. Crowl;

  • 作者单位

    Institute of Gas Safety Technology Korea Gas Safety Corporation 332-1, Daeya-dong,Shiheung-shi, Gyeonggi-do, 429-712, Korea;

    Department of Chemical Engineering Michigan Technological University Houghton, MI 49930;

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