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DOMESTIC HOT WATER HEATING IN ZERO NET ENERGY HOMES

机译:零净能家庭中的热水供应

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摘要

The objective of this paper is to examine differentrnmeans of producing domestic hot water (DHW) inrnZero net energy homes (ZNEH). Four alternativesrnare examined:i) a regular electric hot water tank; ii)rnthe desuperheater of a ground-source heat pump withrnelectric backup; iii) thermal solar collectors withrnelectric backup; iv) a heat pump water heaterrn(HPWH) indirectly coupled to a space conditioningrnground-source heat pump.rnEnergy simulations, using TRNSYS as thernsimulation engine, are performed to evaluate eachrnalternative. The house simulated has 156 m2 ofrnconditioned space and is located in a northernrnclimate (Montréal, Canada). On site electricalrnproduction is accomplished using efficientrnphotovoltaic (PV) modules generating 197.3rnkWh/m2-year. Space conditioning is accomplishedrnusing an Energy Star 2.5 tons ground-source heatrnpump (GSHP).rnResults indicate that the alternative that uses thermalrnsolar collectors is the best solution as it requires onlyrn8.05 kW of peak PV power (compared to 8.75 kWrnfor the next best solution). The total house energyrnrequirements are around 11000 kWh. This amount ofrnelectricity has to be produced by the PV modules inrnorder to achieve the ZNEH target.
机译:本文的目的是研究零净​​能源之家(ZNEH)中生产生活热水(DHW)的不同方法。研究了四个替代方案:i)常规的电热水箱; ii)具有备用电的地源热泵的过热减温器; iii)具有备用电力的太阳能集热器; iv)与空间调节地源热泵间接耦合的热泵热水器(HPWH)。使用TRNSYS作为模拟引擎,进行了能量模拟,以评估每种替代方法。模拟房屋的面积为156平方米,位于北部气候区(加拿大蒙特利尔)。使用高效的光伏(PV)组件可产生197.3rnkWh / m2年的电力来完成现场电气生产。通过使用能源之星2.5吨地源热泵(GSHP)来完成空间调节。结果表明,使用热能太阳能集热器的替代方案是最佳解决方案,因为它仅需rn峰值光伏功率rn8.05 kW(相比之下,最佳解决方案为8.75 kWrn )。房屋总能源需求约为11000 kWh。为了实现ZNEH目标,必须通过PV组件产生大量的电量。

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