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电力与能源

Power & Energy
《电力与能源》以独特的理论和视角，着力搭建展示低碳技术、新能源实践应用和电力前沿技术等的交流平台，并努力发挥信息和知识桥梁的作用。
  • 发文量：1952
  • 被引量：579
  • H指数：0
  • 开始收录时间：1989,37(1)
  • CNKI综合因子：0.32
  • 维普期刊影响因子： 0.62
  • 万方期刊影响因子：0.41
  • 创刊时间：1980
  • 国内刊号/CN：31-2051/TK
    国际刊号/ISSN：2095-1256
  • 发行周期：双月刊
    邮发代号：4-674
  • 主管单位：上海科学院
    主办单位：上海市能源研究所,上海市电力公司,上海市工程热物理学会
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  • 地址：上海市邯郸路171号
  • 邮编：200437
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电力与能源 >2023年第5期

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  • 摘要：输变电项目对优化区域电网布局、改善区域供电能力、满足生产生活用电和改善人民生活水平等发挥着重要作用，但项目建设过程中不可避免会产生环境影响、占用土地和拆迁补偿等问题，这些问题容易产生矛盾，引发稳定风险。针对输变电项目特点，分析了输变电项目稳定风险因素、稳定分析的主要内容、风险防范措施等，对输变电项目及早做好防范，从源头上预防和化解矛盾，促进项目顺利实施提供借鉴。%Power Transmission Project plays an important role in optimizing region power grid layout,impro-ving region power supply capability,meeting the production and life electricity consumption,improving people's living standards.But during construction inevitable produce environmental impaction,occupation land and compensation for lost land,these issues can easily bring conflict and stability risk.This article aims at the characteristics of Power Transmission Project,analyze the factors of stability risk,the main contents of stability risk analysis and risk prevention measures,for Power Transmission Project do good in prevention at an early time,preventing and resolving stability risk from beginning,promoting the project smooth implement smoothly.
  • 摘要：The transmission capacity will be doubled by the application of heat-resistant conductor invar alloy reinforced aluminium covered (INVAR)made from two special materials which are invar alloy covered with a-luminium and aluminium alloy super-heat-resistant with wire section unaffected and sag unchanged to make full use of existing right-of-way without reconstructing steel tower .The conductor temperature and power loss will also rise with the increase in transmission capacity,so the dead-end clamps and splicing sleeves related will be made from special materials and manufacturing process,and whether the application of INVAR will be pop-ularized remains unknown due to cost increase in power loss.%铝包殷钢芯耐热导线采用铝包殷钢芯和超耐热铝合金两种特殊材料加工而成，能够在导线截面不变、弧垂不增加的情况下，实现输送容量增加一倍以上，可充分利用原有线路走廊，无需改造杆塔。输电容量的增加意味着导线温度的升高和能量损耗的增加，因此与之相配套的耐张金具需采用特殊材料、特殊工艺制成，而能损费用的增加是否影响其推广应用还要在实际运行经验积累的基础上进一步分析研究。
  • 摘要：Due to many spontaneous combustions of coal in enclosed circular coal yard with large coal reserves, it is imminent to know how to prevent and control coal spontaneous combustion.As analysised,the main rea-sons of coal spontaneous combustion are Coal stocks,high coal volatile,increase of coal oxidation layer and water catalytic.So,the keys to prevent and control coal spontaneous combustion are reduce of the contact area of the air and coal,control of moisture content in coal,good ventilation cooling measures and so on.There-fore,,putting forward the establishment of a sound quality management files,“first in first out,burn the old new,regular replacement”,control of the oxygen supply for spontaneous combustion of coal,timely treatment once finding the signs,strict control of time of spontaneous combustion of coal entry storage and measures on how to treat the spontaneous combustion of coal strategy measures can greatly improve the safety factor of the coal yard and the economic benefits of the power plant.%针对燃煤电厂发生多起封闭式大储量圆形煤场储煤自燃问题，如何防止和治理煤炭自燃迫在眉睫。分析认为，煤炭自燃的主要原因是煤场库存量大、煤炭挥发分高、堆煤氧化层增大和水分催化，而减少空气与煤的接触面，控制煤中的水分含量，做好通风散热等措施，是预防和治理圆形煤场储煤自燃的关键。为此，提出建立健全煤质管理档案、“先进先出，烧旧存新，定期置换”、控制煤炭自燃的供氧量、发现自燃征兆及时处理、严控自燃煤的入场堆存时间和处理煤炭自燃的策略等措施，提高煤场的安全运行和电厂的经济效益。
  • 摘要：In the paper,village building energy status in Shanghai is researched and analyzed.Combined with energy consumption status,analyzing the feasibility for combined hot water supply system of solar and gas wa-ter heater.The main way of solar water heater shower accounted for 55.6%,gas water heaters,electric water heaters are at about 30%,but rarely used composite system.Combined with can form and resource conditions proposed combined with hot water supply system of solar energy and gas water heater,puts forward the corre-sponding measures to design and control system,and the technical and economic analysis.Solar water heater and a gas water heater combined and separate the gas water heater in the energy saving rate is about 60%,sav-ing operating costs about 62%.%对上海地区村镇建筑目前采用的生活热水供应形式进行分析，采用调研与实际应用结合的方法进行研究。洗浴主要方式中太阳能热水器占了55．6％，燃气热水器和电热水器都约为30％，但很少采用复合式功能系统。结合用能形式与资源条件提出太阳能与燃气热水器联合供生活热水系统，对系统设计与控制方面提出了相应的措施，并对其技术和经济性进行分析。太阳能热水器和燃气热水器联合使用与单独采用燃气热水器相比节能率约为60％，节约运行费用约62％。
  • 摘要：2013 global primary energy consumption grew by 2.3%,lower than in the past ten years the average growth rate of 2 .5%.Compared with the global average,low energy consumption growth in non-OECD coun-tries,while the OECD countries in mature economies is high.Even so,the emerging economies in global energy demand still dominant.In 2013,energy demand growth in emerging economies accounted for 80%.Oil remains the world's dominant fuel,accounting for 32.9% of global energy consumption,but the market share of oil still declined for 14 consecutive years,and its current market share is the lowest since 1965.Global natu-ral gas production increased by 1 .1%.China and India accounted for the growth in global coal consumption 88%.Global increased by 0.9%,was the first increase since 2010.Global hydroelectric grew 2.9%,led by China and India,the Asia-Pacific region accounted for 78% of global growth in volume.%2013年全球主要能源消费增长了2．3％，低于过去十年2．5％的平均增速。与全球平均水平比较，非经合组织成员国的能源消费增长速度放慢，而经合组织成员国的能源消费增长速度加快；即便如此，新兴经济体在全球能源需求中仍占主导地位，2013年新兴经济体的能源需求增长占80％。石油仍是全球主导性燃料，占全球能源消费的32．9％，但石油的市场份额仍连续14年出现下滑，其目前市场份额是自1965年以来的最低值。全球天然气产量增长了1．1％；全球核能发电量增长了0．9％，是自2010年以来第一次增长；全球煤炭消费量增长了3％，中国和印度占了全球煤炭消费量增长的88％；全球水力发电量增长了2．9％，以中国和印度为首的亚太地区占了全球78％的增长量。
  • 摘要：阐述了重量法（DPI）测量原理，分析了适用于现场测试的采样方法和操作流程，并首次利用DPI对燃煤电厂排放PM2．5进行现场测试研究，将测试结果同电荷法（ELPI）测试结果进行比较，研究发现两仪器的测试结果具有较好的一致性。DPI测试方法可为标准测试方法的选取提供参考。%In this paper,the DPI (gravimetric method)measuring principle was expounded,the field test sam-pling method and operation process was analyzed,and testing research for PM2.5 emissions from coal-fired power plant by use of DPI was carried on for the first time,compared with the test results which was got by charge method (ELPI)and the comparison showed that results received by the two testing instruments were preferable consistent.DPI test method can provide a reference for the selection of standard test methods.
  • 摘要：IEEE 1588-2008精确时间同步协议（PTP）具备通过局域网提供精确对时的能力。在简要介绍PTP内涵的基础上，解析了PTP时钟的晶振频率漂移会对路径延迟测量造成影响的主要原因，即直接影响到该时钟与主时钟的对时精度。通过对现有文献资料的分析与研究，尤其是对路径测量机制及主从时钟晶振频率漂移关系的剖析，在对原有文献进行补充的基础上，推导出1个相对简单、直观的路径测量最大误差解析表达式，用于电力系统分析。研究结果表明：在给定的晶振稳定度条件下，尽量缩短路径延迟测量响应端的报文接收到发送的时间间隔，可以提高路径延迟估算精度，有利于提高精度测量水平。%IEEE 1588-2008 Precision Time Protocol is capable of providing accurate timing over local area net-work.After a brief introduction of PTP concept,this paper analyzed the effect of the frequency drift of the crystal within the clock to the accurate measurement of path delay,which directly affect the accuracy of its synchronization with the master clock.Through the review and analysis of the relevant literature,specially, the path measurement algorithm and the connection of the clock frequency drift between the master clock and the slave clock,a relatively simple and intuitive analytical formula is given for calculating the maximum error of the measurement for the power system analysis.The results show that the path delay measurement accuracy and the accuracy of the measurement level can be improved effectively by shortening the time interval of the receiving and sending packets of the path delay measurement responders.
  • 摘要：Introduced the present situation of the diesel generator load control strategy in Tianwan nuclear pow-er plant.It was found through deep analysis that loss of ventilation equipment control led to test failure in the course of diesel generator step-by-step loading in Tianwan Phase I.The reasons were found to be that the in-terface did not match with each other;especially the design of the driver control module didn't match the de-sign of equipment driving loop power supply.Through modification on I&C logic and improve the control strategy on HVAC systems step-by-step loading made up the design deficiency of control cabinets power sup-ply.It is suggested the technical communication between DCS Supplier with design personnel should be strengthened,and DCS powerful hardware and software functions should be made to the best usage.%介绍了田湾核电站柴油机带载控制策略的现状。通过排查一期通风空调系统柴油机带载中发生通风设备失控，造成试验失败的原因是接口设计不匹配，尤其是驱动模块的设计和设备驱动回路的供电设计问题；通过采取修改仪控逻辑、优化通风空调系统分步带载控制策略等措施，弥补了控制柜供电电源当初设计的不足。建议分布式控制系统成套商加强与设计院的技术交流，充分发挥分布式控制系统的强大功能。
  • 摘要：According to lignite utilization in our country,the paper analyzes the blindness and disorder of lignite utilization,takes the lignite in the full life cycle as object,analyzes the economy of the lignite power boiler blending combustion with lignite,and summarizes the cost effects of different lignite processing,develops a life cycle use model of lignite,shows out the main use and conditions of the model,provides economic evaluation mathematical method of lignite use.The results showed that,the boiler efficiency and economy of a power plant using upgrading lignite as boiler fuel is obviously better than using none upgrading of lignite,which transportation cost is low,but the lignite upgrading process also consume resources,therefore,it should make comprehensive comparison by this life cycle using economic model.%针对我国目前褐煤利用现状，分析了褐煤利用领域存在的盲目性和无序性，以褐煤的全生命周期为对象，通过掺烧试验方法分析了电站锅炉掺烧褐煤的经济性，结合褐煤提质工艺不同对褐煤加工成本的影响，建立了褐煤全生命周期利用模型，指出该模型的主要用途和使用条件，为褐煤的加工利用提供了经济效益的数学评价方法。结果表明，采用提质后的褐煤作为电站锅炉燃料，电站锅炉效率和经济性明显好于未经提质的褐煤，运输成本也较低，但褐煤提质过程也要消耗资源，需按照全生命周期利用经济模型综合比较后决定。
  • 摘要：High voltage cable laying is extremely important and complex in high voltage cable project.The the-ory to explain the main cable laying was introduced.The calculation of cable laying traction and lateral pressure was analyzed,and the power tools(hoist and conveyors)describes was described.The two actual cases of cable laying was introduced.On-site construction process,due to different construction environment,need to take appropriate measures for different status ,only the combination of theory and practice in order to resolve the difficulties encountered during construction.%高压电缆敷设是高压电缆工程中一项极为重要且复杂的工作。介绍了电缆敷设理论，分析了敷设电缆时牵引力和侧压力的计算方法以及敷设电缆需要的电动工具（卷扬机和输送机），并结合电缆敷设理论分析了两个实际电缆敷设案例。在现场施工中，由于施工环境不同需要对不同的现状采取相应的措施，只有将理论与实际相结合才能解决施工过程中遇到的问题。
  • 摘要：6号机树脂体外再生至阳塔混合正洗结束后，存在电导率不合格的情况。对于采用相同再生方式的5号机树脂，阳塔内混合正洗电导率能达到合格要求。因此，通过将6号机树脂再生与5号机进行比较，对6号机的再生要素和过程进行分析和梳理，发现阳塔混合正洗电导率不合格的主要原因是失效的树脂分离后阳树脂进酸结束没有能够充分置换。经过调整阳树脂的再生工况，阳树脂置换电导率值明显下降，有效地提高了阳树脂再生置换程度，使树脂阳塔混合正洗电导率达到设定要求。%Mixed resin of 6 unit in the CRT of the polishing regeneration system were rinsed,setpoint of the risen conductivity was exceeded.For the same regeneration methods,the risen conductivity of mixed resin of 5 unit in the CRT is met requirements.Therefore,resin regeneration of 6 unit is compared with 5 unit,the re-generation elements and regeneration process of 6 unit were analyzed and carded,the main reason of unquali-fied risen conductivity of mixed resin in CRT was discovered that cation resin were displaced incompletely after the ineffective resin were separated and cation resin were regenerated with acid.The regeneration conditions were adjusted,displacement conductivity of cation resin decreased observely,displacement degree of cation resin was effectively improved,making risen conductivity of mixed resin was according with requirements.
  • 摘要：The proj ect management activities in enterprises will always involve two important performance man-agement objectives,namely the minimum project duration and optimal allocation of resources.Studied the problem of optimal duration when resources are limited.With the application of GA (Genetic Algorithm)and PSO (Particle Swarm Optimization),solved the defect of easily falling into local optimum which is the so-called “premature”phenomenon in the standard particle swarm optimization.By analyzing an actual project schedule optimization,the effectiveness of the method is demonstrated combining with programming through Matlab 7.0 software,which was calculated 10 000 times,after rounding processing to give optimal duration of 35 days,compared with the initial value calculated decrease 3 days.Analysis:some problems still need to study the model parameters also need to expand the scientific value like selecting scientific model parameters and indie software module for all kinds of enterprises.%企业的项目管理活动均会涉及到两个重要的绩效管理目标，即项目最小工期和最优资源配置。研究了在资源有限的情况下工期最优问题。运用遗传和微粒群相结合的优化算法，解决了标准粒子群算法容易陷入局部最优，从而出现所谓的“早熟”现象。通过对某工程项目工期优化的实例分析，用 Matlab 7．0软件编程，验证了算法的有效性，即循环计算1万次，经四舍五入圆整处理，得到最优工期为35天，比初始值计算结果减少3天。项目工期优化分析认为：还需要拓展研究模型参数的科学取值和独立制作软件模块供各类企业方便使用等问题。
  • 摘要：In order to control power system short circuit,Shanghai power system decomposes the 500/220 kV city grid into several smaller regional power grids which are centered around several 500 kV electrical substa-tion.In this paper we first analyzed major components that affect secure and stable operation of a power sys-tem.We then propose three measures to improve power system resilience.Firstly,plan regional power system capacity according to severity of cases of 500 kV power system short circuit.Secondly,improve management and operation of current capacity,regional power system idle configuration and power system voltage stable-ness.Finally we would like to build better communication channel.Increase our ability to react to emergency situations.Efficiently use overlap of neighboring power system to improve the robustness and reliability of re-gional power system.%为了控制系统短路电流，上海电网实施500 kV/220 kV电网解环运行，并形成以围绕500 kV变电站为中心的若干个分区电网。分析了影响分区电网安全、稳定运行的主要因素。从分区电网规模、分区电网动态无功配置和分区联络等角度，提出了提高分区电网供电安全的3条措施：一是根据上海500 kV电网短路电流水平，合理控制分区电网规模以及分区电网内电源装机容量，以适应上海电网发展需要；二是加强现有设备运行管理的同时，有计划地配置动态无功电源，提高电网电压稳定水平；三是加快分区联络通道的建设，增强事故支援能力，合理安排相邻供电分区的重叠供电范围，提升上海电网的双电源供电级别，提高分区电网的供电可靠性。
  • 摘要：In this article,the “600 MW non-denitration power plant”was adopted for instance,through the analysis of the variation of its cost during the 11th and 12th Five Year Plan,the main facts were extracted to develop the prediction of cost during the 12th Five Year Plan.The constitution of cost was divided into three categories of factors depending on the correlation degree with power market,and it was found that the added installed thermal power generating capacity had close relationship with the factor which was called “power industry strongly related factor”,and it directly affected the change of cost.According to the predicted results,the cost level would fall first and then rise through the process,which in 2012 reached the lowest point,the overall volatility rated within 3%.%以火电600 MW无脱硝机组为例，对“十五”与“十一五”期间火电机组的造价变化进行了研究，并由此提出造价预测方法，对“十二五”期间火电工程造价进行了预测。影响火电工程造价的因素按照与市场的相关程度划分为三类，通过分析发现，新增火电装机容量与电力市场强相关因素存在密切关联，且直接影响工程造价的变化。从预测结果来看，“十二五”期间火电造价水平将经历先下跌再回升的过程，其中2012年的造价水平是最低的，整体波动幅度在3％以内。
  • 摘要：The development of photovoltaic power generation technology (PPGT)could ease the growing de-mand on energy.Meanwhile,compared with traditional thermal power generation technology,PPGT has obvi-ous environment benefits.However,environmental problems caused during the production of photovoltaic power generation modules should not be ignored.After an analysis on the procedures of production,various environmental pollutions are revealed respectively and the solutions are proposed.By the way,EPBT (energy pay-back time)and emission volume of GHG (greenhouse gas)are picked up as assessment factors on environ-mental effects,and comparison among 3 kinds of solar cell has been made based on amount of literatures.The result shows that amorphous silicon thin film solar cell has a better environmental effect than mono-crystalline silicon solar cell and polycrystalline silicon solar cell do,and improving its energy conversion would be vital to its wide application in the future.%光伏发电技术的发展缓和了日益增大的能源需求，且与传统的火力发电技术相比，光伏发电技术环境效益显著，但其引起的环境问题也不容忽视。通过对光伏发电组件生产过程产生的环境问题的分析，针对各类污染的治理方法给出了建议，并提取了电池生产过程中温室气体（GHG）的CO2当量排放量和能源偿还时间（EPBT）作为光伏发电的环境效益评价因子。通过对太阳能电池的生命周期评估大量相关文献的综述得出：较之单晶硅和多晶硅太阳能电池而言，非晶硅薄膜太阳能电池的环境效益最好，但其广泛的应用还有待其能量转换率的进一步提高。
  • 摘要：孤岛信息、海量数据、拓扑的经常性变动、在线调试等一直是配电自动化努力解决的问题。将 IEC 61850运用于配电系统，能有效解决上述问题，推进配电自动化的实用化。运用 IEC 61850的成效体现在：IEC 61850的自我描述使 DSCADA 海量信息可维护；面向对象描述给拓扑变动、在线调试带来便利；IEC 61850可实现设备互操作，使设备互换成为可能；与故障报修系统、停送电计划、地理信息系统等用电管理系统互联有标准可循。因此，将IEC 61850运用于配电系统将是电力信息发展的必然。%Isolated informations,mass data,topology change,online debugging are problems trying to solve in power distribution automation.By the use of IEC 61850,we may effectively resolve the problems mentioned above,and promote the practical of distribution automation.IEC 61850 effect is reflected in:IEC 61850 self describing makes a large amount of DSCADA information can be maintained;obj ect oriented description cause convenience to topology changes and online debugging;equipment can achieve interoperability,make equip-ment interchange becomes possible;and fault repair system,power transmission and blackout plan,GIS can be interconnected according to the standard.Therefore,the application of IEC 61850 to the distribution system is an inevitable development of power information revolution.
  • 摘要：To improve the availability of XPLE cable lines'experiments,through analyzing domestic and a-broad experiments standards,combing the experience of shanghai regional cable lines'experiments and the an-alyzation of practiced examples,we find out the insufficiency in no-load charging test and the influence of elec-tric breakdown and thermal effect in discovering the potential cable flaws from cable resistance pressure test operations.In response,we suggest to strictly regulate U0 in no-load charging test,raise experimental volta-ges and reasonably prolong experimental time,optimize commonly used series resonance withstand voltage test method and synchronous increase partial discharge monitoring in cable lines with suspected flaws.By above mentioned steps,we can measurably improve the availability of tests on completion and ensure the secure and reliable running of cable lines.%为提高高压交联电缆线路试验的有效性，通过分析国内外多个不同高压交联电缆线路试验标准，结合上海地区电缆线路试验作业经验，经实例分析，发现空载充电试验中存在的不足以及电缆耐压试验作业中的电击穿和热效应作用对于发现电缆潜在缺陷的影响，提出严格限制空载充电试验；提高试验电压并合理延长试验时间，优化常用的串联谐振耐压试验方法；对存在疑似缺陷的电缆线路，同步增加局部放电监测。通过上述手段，可以有效提高高压交联电缆竣工试验的有效性，确保电缆线路安全可靠运行。
  • 摘要：据国家电网报2014年12月12日报道：2014年12月9日上午,在国家电网公司特高压交流试验基地内,世界首次特高压线路直升机带电检修作业试验取得圆满成功。12日10时许,国网湖北省电力公司检修公司带电作业检修工李明坐在一架直升机机舱外的作业平台上,缓缓靠近特高压带电导线。当他接触导线、成功进入等电位作业时,手中的引流棒与导线间拉出了一道超过40cm长的耀眼电弧。在距离地面近70m高的悬停直升机外置平台上,
  • 摘要：It is a common phenomenon in power grid in China that there are unreasonable structures,poor capa-bility of transmission & supply,aging facilities,low rate of cabling,power supply shortage,imperfect emer-gency response mechanism.The power grid is weak in general,and the construction standards & reliability of power grid in rural area are out of date so that power grid is vulnerable to disasters.Since the severe ice and snow disasters took place in 1950s,China has suffered a lot from this kind disaster in different severity.It is an urgent task to establish an intact natural disaster response management system in power grid.Based on analysis of the present situation and the requirement on reliability & stability of power grid,a natural disaster response application system is designed in this paper,and construction idea,software architecture,software function are also illustrated.%随着我国电网规模的不断扩大，覆盖范围的不断延伸，大量电网线路和资源穿越复杂的微气象环境区域，局部微地形、微气象环境所产生的极端微气象灾害对电网的影响和破坏日益明显。我国20世纪中叶至21世纪均不同程度地发生过比较严重的覆冰灾害，覆冰灾害对电网造成的影响也相当严重，因此建立完整的电网微气象灾害应对管理系统已迫在眉睫。在分析电网目前现状的基础上，针对电网可靠性和稳定运行的要求，设计了一整套电力微气象灾害监测与预警系统，从建设思路、软件架构、软件功能等方面进行了阐述。
  • 摘要：The transmission line with the feature of broad space span,which influenced by kinds of natural rea-sons such as lightening,animals,plants,wind and ice-covering,is easily get trip.On the basis of the analysis of the fault location status and other problems of the existing transmission lines,the essay introduces that Huangshan Power Company installs fault monitoring terminals in 220kV lines of Ningqian and Ningxiong by equipotential live working,and records accurately the positions and numbers of being struck by lightning by in-telligent fault monitoring terminal system to accumulate characteristic parameters and draw the frequency dis-tribution graph of lightning;the essay also provides technology support for transmission line designing and taking measures to protect transmission line from lightning by analyzing the features of the line being stuck by lighting.The essay lay special stress on describing the working principle,structure,monitoring terminals, features of the software,system installation and regional level configuration of the distributed traveling-wave measurement technology and the intelligent fault monitoring terminal system.%输电线路不仅具有空间跨度大的特点，而且走廊沿线地理、气象条件千变万化，极易遭受雷电、动物、植物、大风、覆冰等各种自然因素的影响而发生跳闸事故。在分析现行输电线路故障定位状况及存在问题的基础上，介绍了黄山供电公司采用等电位作业方式施工，在220 kV 宁潜线和宁雄线上安装故障监测终端，通过智能故障监测终端系统准确记录线路遭受雷击的位置、次数，积累雷击的特征参数，绘制线路的雷击频度分布图；分析电网线路雷击特性，为输电线路设计及有针对性制定各种防护雷害措施提供技术支撑。重点叙述了分布式行波测量技术、智能故障监测终端系统的工作原理、体系架构、监测终端、软件特点、系统安装与地区级配置方案。
  • 摘要：As a fusion device,the protection device of the PPEN substation of ITER will be integrated by pre-fabricated container,which is consistent with the latest substation of the intelligent substation.In this paper, the prefabricated container will be introduced detailedly,and the container will be integrated with most of sec-ondly devices of the substation.The ventilation and air conditioning,internal lighting,fire detection and cable route have been included in the container.Because of the high integration design,it is much more easily for the installation and operation.%国际热核聚变试验堆（ITER）是一个磁约束核聚变装置，基于该装置的高压变电站的二次设备采用预制式电气舱进行集成，适应当前国家电网智能化建设的趋势，是国内变电站研究和发展的主要方向。对ITER 脉冲高压变电站（PPEN）预制式电气舱设计进行了分析，预制式电气舱通过箱式封装和电气设备模块化集成，实现了二次设备优化组合和“即插即用”，同时充分考虑到舱内通风、照明、温湿度控制、屏柜电缆布置等因素，在实际应用中大大降低了安装和运营成本。
  • 摘要：储能单元作为可再生能源发电系统中必不可少的组成部分，在抑制功率波动性方面起着重要作用。针对单一储能系统功率或能量上存在的缺陷，根据蓄电池储能系统和超级电容储能系统在能量和功率上的优势，结合二者互补性，提出了面向可再生能源发电系统的互补储能技术，建立了蓄电池—超级电容器互补储能系统，并针对给定发电计划下的功率波动，给出了基于浮动平均法的控制策略。通过相应的实例分析，验证了模型和算法的有效性。%Energy storage unit as the essential component of renewable energy generation system plays an im-portant role in damping power fluctuations.Due to the defect of single energy storage system in the energy or power,this paper establishs a battery-supercapacitor complementary energy storage system and its model ac-cording to the combination of their respective advantages .Meanwhile,a control strategy based on floating av-erage method for fluctuations of certain power plan is given.Through corresponding case studies,the validity of the model and algorithm has been proved.
  • 摘要：Insulator leaned is common in 10 kV distribution line.Maintenance power outage will influence resi-dent’s daily life.The situation of interruption maintenance fixing 10 kV insulator nut in Shanghai Changxing Power Supply Company had been introduced.The objective of study and manufacture of implement applied in live-line fixing insulator nut was forward.Choice,design scheme,manufacture faction of nut tools had also been proposed.On-site application showed implement applied in fixing 10 kV insulator nut could work out live-line program covering lean insulator.The percent of pass on live-line program was 100%.%10 kV 配电线路常发生绝缘子倾斜等情况，停电检修将影响居民正常用电。介绍了上海长兴供电公司10 kV 停电紧固绝缘子工作现状，提出了带电紧固10 kV 绝缘子螺母工具的研制目标，阐述了螺母工具材料的选择、设计方案和制作方法。经现场应用表明，使用带电紧固10 kV 绝缘子螺母工具可以完成倾斜绝缘子螺母的紧固作业，合格率达100％。
  • 摘要：在节约总电感用量的前提下，为了提高系统的滤波性能，选择 LCL 型滤波器作为配电网 STATCOM （D-STATCOM）的输出滤波器。LCL 型滤波器是一个三阶系统，采用直接入网电流控制时谐振峰的存在会影响系统的稳定性。为此，提出一种基于状态反馈的虚拟阻抗法用于抑制 LCL 型滤波器的谐振峰，从而避免无源阻尼法增大系统的损耗。由于电网电压中含有谐波含量会造成补偿电流畸变，从而不能准确跟踪其指令值，针对这一问题，提出一种多谐振比例谐振（PR）控制器，用于增大特定频率处电网电压对入网电流的输入阻抗，从而抑制电网谐波电压的扰动，优化补偿电流波形，提高电流追踪性能。仿真和实验结果证实了控制策略的有效性。%In order to improve the filtering performance of the system with small inductor,LCL filter is select-ed as the output filter of distribution static synchronous compensator (D-STATCOM).LCL filter is a three-order system,the resonant peak may result in the instability of system.State-feedback control based on virtual impedance is proposed to suppress the resonant peak,which reduces system losses compared with passive damping.The grid voltage harmonics result in the distortion of compensation current,which makes the com-pensation current not track its reference.A multi-resonance proportional resonant (PR)regulator is proposed to increase the grid input impedance at a specific frequency,which rejects the disturbance of grid harmonics and improves the current tracking performance.Simulation and experimental results prove the validity of this method.
  • 摘要：The connection scheme of the urban distribution network affect the power supply capacity,reliability and economy.concerned the connection scheme of the urban distribution network,the passage establish a multi-objective system wiring preferred around economic power,reliability,and power supply capacity and other indicators.Using the improved AHP,to preferred the best urban medium voltage distribution network. Case analysis shows that the proposed method is preferable to propose appropriate wiring distribution network for different regions,and has high validity and objectivity.%城市中压配电网接线方式直接影响配电网的可靠性、经济性和供电能力。针对城市中压配电网，构建接线模式分析模型，围绕供电经济性、可靠性和供电能力等指标，建立多目标接线方式优选体系；采用改进后的层次分析法，对城市中压配电网的接线方式进行多目标优选。案例分析表明：优选方法客观有效，能够针对特定的负荷区域，优选出合适的接线方案，并提升配电网的供电经济性、供电可靠性和供电能力。
  • 摘要：据索比太阳能光伏网2014年12月9日报道：近日,上海市燃气公司金山无人值守调压站内光伏离网储能系统顺利竣工,并通过验收。该项目规模3kW,采用光伏发电优先、市电旁路自动切换技术,可以实现优先使用光伏储电,并在耗完储电之后无缝对接市区供电,为燃气站提供全天候24h供电保障。经过一系列测试,此套系统实现了7个阴雨天持续运行、与市电无缝自动切换等功能,证明了晶澳光伏离网储能系统的可靠性和稳定性。
  • 摘要：对现有变电站的消防缺陷展开研究，结合变电站的特点提出多种灭火方案，详细介绍了新型探火管式灭火方案，与固定式气体灭火装置进行对比，发现其具有简单、易实施、性价比高的特点，对现有的变电站消防方式起到完善和补充。%The defects of the fire control work in the substation were studied.And a variety of fire control methods were proposed according to the characteristic of substation.In the paper a new tube extinguishing fire detection method was introduced.Compared with fixed gas fire extinguishing devices,it’s uncomplicated,easy to use and cost-effective,which is a improvement and supplement to the existing fire control methods.
  • 摘要：外高桥发电有限公司4台国产300 MW 引进型机组，于2008年10月～2011年6月完成了通流部分的整体改造项目，其中1号、2号机组采用西屋改造技术，3号、4号机组采取百万级大容量机组的改造技术。从实际效果看，改造项目达到了降低煤耗、提高效率、消除安全隐患的目的。通过运用目前最先进的汽轮机通流部分改造的技术手段，使得机组的煤耗降低了10 g／kWh 以上，设备运行安全可靠，达到了改造的目标，重点介绍了这两种不同改造技术的异同之处。%Waigaoqiao power generation Co.,Ltd.,four sets of domestic 300 MW imported unit,in October 2008 to June 2011 flow part of the whole renovation project completed,among them,the no.1 and unit 2 uses the Westinghouse transformation technology,3,4 units to take millions of large capacity units of modification technology.Look from actual effect,renovation project to reduce the coal consumption,improve efficiency, eliminate safety hidden trouble of objective.By using the most advanced turbine technical means of the trans-formation on the flow,coal consumption of the unit is reduced by more than 10 g/kWh ,equipment operation safety and reliability,to achieve the goal of transformation.This paper,mainly introduced the main similarities and differences,between two different technical transformation of the place.
  • 摘要：当今社会节能减排一直是热点问题，浦东机场一号能源中心从1998年投运至今，管理人员一直致力于节能工作。为了解决锅炉无余热回收装置的问题，工作人员通过对锅炉系统进行改造，增加外置烟气回收装置，成功将尾部的烟气温度降低，减少了天然气的使用量。承压式的设计也为其他具有相同或相近的运行情况锅炉的烟气回收改造提供了借鉴。%Nowadays energy saving and emission reduction has always been hot issues.First energy center in Pudong Airport had been put into operation since 1998.Management staff was always making effort to energy reduction.Workers there succeeded to make the temperature of gas emission reduced and gas decrease by transforming the boiler system to solve the lack of exhaust gas recycling.Pressure-bearing type also brought out a reference to those boilers to gas recycling transform which are in a same or similar situation.

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