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CFD simulation of the liquid metal flow in high power laser welding of aluminum with electromagnetic weld pool support

机译：电磁焊池支撑铝大功率激光焊接中液态金属流动的CFD模拟

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The influence of an alternating current (ac) magnetic field during laser keyhole welding on the velocity, pressure and temperature field of a 20 mm thick non-ferromagnetic aluminum plate was investigated using a three-dimensional self-consistent laminar steady state numerical model. The finite element software (FEM) COMSOL Multiphysics was used to calculate the three-dimensional heat transfer, fluid dynamics and electromagnetic field partial differential equations iteratively. Major important physical effects of the laser welding process were taken into account: Thermocapillary (Marangoni) convection at the weld pool surfaces, natural convection due to gravity and latent heat of solid-liquid phase transition. The Carman-Kozeny equation was used to account for porous media morphology. It is shown that the gravity drop-out associated with welding of thick plate due to the hydrostatic pressure can be prevented by the application of an ac magnetic field, which forms a magnetic pressure that compensates for gravitational effects. The application of oscillating magnetic fields of up to 100 mT was investigated to allow for single-pass laser welding of thick aluminum plates. Hereby, the flow pattern in the molten zone and thus also the temperature distributions are significantly changed.
机译：使用三维自洽层流稳态数值模型研究了激光小孔焊接过程中交流（ac）磁场对20 mm厚非铁磁铝板的速度，压力和温度场的影响。使用有限元软件（FEM）COMSOL Multiphysics迭代计算了三维传热，流体动力学和电磁场偏微分方程。考虑了激光焊接过程的主要重要物理影响：焊池表面的热毛细管（Marangoni）对流，由于重力和固液相潜热引起的自然对流。 Carman-Kozeny方程用于解释多孔介质的形态。已经表明，通过施加交流磁场可以防止由于静水压力而导致的与厚板焊接相关的重力损失，该交流磁场形成了补偿重力效应的磁压力。研究了高达100 mT的振荡磁场的应用，以允许对厚铝板进行单道激光焊接。由此，熔融区域中的流动模式以及由此的温度分布被显着改变。

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