There are large contributions to be made by science and technology, ranging from the most basic research on information technology and the action of bacteria and viruses to the need for new understanding of social dynamics and personal motivation in countering terrorism. Many of these endeavors, if successful, could have far-reaching benefits both for the public and for business. These "dual-benefit" activities are very difficult to design and fund. In addition to the benefits, there are serious prospective problems of misuse, manipulation, and the application of the new-found knowledge by terrorists and by states in warfare.rnNevertheless, it is desirable to push ahead, in order to allow the continuation of free and democratic societies in the face of the evolving threats of personal empowerment and terrorist use of technology.
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