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首页> 外文会议>Second International Conference on Sustainable Agriculture for Food, Energy and Industry Vol.1 Sep 8-13, 2002 Beijing, China >Promoting Sustainable Development of Agriculture with Environmental Economics: A Case Study of Rice Growth
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Promoting Sustainable Development of Agriculture with Environmental Economics: A Case Study of Rice Growth

机译：用环境经济学促进农业的可持续发展：以水稻生长为例

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摘要

The environmental costs of rice production in China are estimated, which include farmer health damage and biodiversity loss from pesticide use, eutrophication and nitrate pollution of water by fertilizers, health damages and acid rain from agro-chemical production, and flood risk induced by wetland drainage for rice growing. The result shows that the environmental costs of rice growing amounted to 3 some billion yuan or 0.164 yuan/kg of rice in the case study provinces of Hunan and Hubei, which accounted for 16% of farm gate rice price in 1995. The costs could rise to as much as 10 billion yuan by 2020. External costs should be included in the prices of both inputs and output of rice production. Environmental economics provides policy-makers a tool to integrate environmenal impacts of agriculture into agricultural policies and thus promote sustainable development of agriculture.
机译：估算了中国稻米生产的环境成本，包括农民健康受损和因使用农药造成的生物多样性损失，化肥对水的富营养化和硝酸盐污染，农药生产造成的健康损害和酸雨以及湿地排水造成的洪水风险种植水稻。结果表明，以湖南和湖北为例，水稻种植的环境成本达3亿元人民币或0.164元/公斤，占1995年农户大米价格的16％。成本可能上升到2020年达到100亿元人民币。大米生产投入和产出的价格都应包括外部成本。环境经济学为政策制定者提供了一种工具，可将农业的环境影响纳入农业政策，从而促进农业的可持续发展。

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