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A remote sensing model of construction-related soil disturbance in southern Arizona

机译：亚利桑那州南部与建筑相关的土壤扰动遥感模型

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Construction-related soil disturbance, such as road construction, trenching, landstripping, earthmoving and blasting, is a significant source of fugitive (or airborne) dust, and fugitive dust is a potential health hazard as well as a primary cause of decreased air quality. Presented here is a remote sensing change detection method using annual Landsat Thematic Mapper (TM) images spanning 1995 and 2009 over southern Arizona to identify and characterize construction-related soil disturbance. To guide development of the remote sensing method, spatial coordinates of construction activity permit inspections performed by a local environmental quality agency to control fugitive dust are obtained and processed in a GIS. Satellite change detection methods are compared with kernel density plots of the construction activity inspection points. Band differencing in the mid-infrared spectral region (TM band 5), with a change threshold of four standard deviations above and below the change image mean, is identified as a simple and effective method to identify construction-related soil disturbance. As an accuracy assessment, buffers of 920 meter radius were generated around each dust inspection point and around an equal number of random points in a GIS. The dust inspection point buffers captured statistically significantly more of the remote sensing change pixels as compared to random point buffers (P < 0.0001 in a Mann-Whitney rank sum [/-test for each year compared; 44.3% change pixel capture rate average as compared to 16.2% for random points). The remote sensing model is used to estimate location and annual surface area of construction-related soil disturbance in eastern Pima County, Arizona during the fourteen year study period. With limited preprocessing and processing requirements, the proposed model is simple to perform and may be suited for public and other environmental and health agencies to identify and assess fugitive dust sources and inputs to total ambient dust predictive models.
机译：与建筑相关的土壤扰动，例如道路建设，挖沟，环境美化，土方工程和爆破，是逃逸（或空气传播）粉尘的重要来源，而逃逸粉尘是潜在的健康危害，也是空气质量下降的主要原因。本文介绍的是一种遥感变化检测方法，该方法使用跨越亚利桑那州南部1995年至2009年的年度Landsat专题Mapper（TM）图像来识别和表征与建筑相关的土壤扰动。为了指导遥感方法的发展，建筑活动的空间坐标允许获得当地环境质量机构进行的控制扬尘的检查，并在GIS中进行处理。将卫星变化检测方法与施工活动检查点的核密度图进行比较。在中红外光谱区域（TM波段5）的波段差异，在变化图像平均值的上方和下方具有四个标准偏差的变化阈值，被认为是识别与施工相关的土壤扰动的一种简单有效的方法。作为准确性评估，在每个粉尘检查点周围以及GIS中相等数量的随机点周围生成了920米半径的缓冲区。与随机点缓冲区相比，灰尘检查点缓冲区在统计上捕获的遥感变化像素的数量显着多（相比之下，每年的Mann-Whitney等级总和[/ -test中P <0.0001；与之相比，平均像素捕获率的变化为44.3％到随机点的16.2％）。在十四年的研究期内，遥感模型用于估计亚利桑那州皮马县与建筑相关的土壤扰动的位置和年表面积。在有限的预处理和加工要求下，提出的模型易于执行，并且可能适合于公共和其他环境与卫生机构来识别和评估短效粉尘源以及总的环境粉尘预测模型的输入。

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