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Suomi-NPP VIIRS Unscheduled Lunar Observations

机译:Suomi-NPP VIIRS计划外的月球观测

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Lunar observations by the Suomi-NPP instrument VIIRS are scheduled on a nearly monthly basis at a phase angle of approximately -51 degrees. The lunar images acquired during scheduled observations have been used for radiometric calibration stability monitoring of the reflective solar bands, band-to-band registration characterization, modulation transfer function derivation and electric crosstalk examination. A satellite roll maneuver is usually necessary for the Moon to be viewed by VIIRS detectors, which results in the loss of approximately 20-minute science data during the period. Without any scheduling, the Moon has also been regularly observed when it intrudes the field of view of the instrument's space view port. Since the launch of Suomi-NPP in late 2011, nearly 200 unscheduled lunar observations have been made with complete lunar images captured by at least two spectral bands. These observations are made at a larger phase angle from -45 to -90 degrees and libration angle range than the scheduled lunar observation. In this paper, the strategies and methodologies of lunar calibration developed for scheduled lunar observations are applied to these unscheduled lunar observations, with necessary adaptation to account for the differences in data format. The result from the unscheduled lunar observations are provided, with the focus of it comparison with the results from scheduled lunar observations as well as solar diffuser (SD) calibration. Overall, the long-term trends of these results agree with each other and the trends from the un-scheduled lunar calibration show more fluctuation. For radiometric calibration, the difference between the lunar calibration and SD calibration strongly depends on phase angles and libration angles. If the VIIRS measurement is accurate, this indicates that the lunar irradiance reference for the radiometric calibration, modeled by the USGS robotic lunar observatory (ROLO), carries systematic error that changes with these photometric factors. An empirical correction is applied to derive the relationship between the error and the phase angle to compensate the impact. The trends after the correction shows much less fluctuation to a level similar to the trends from scheduled calibration..
机译:Suomi-NPP仪器VIIRS的月球观测定于几乎每月一次,相位角约为-51度。在计划的观测过程中获取的月球图像已用于反射太阳波段的辐射定标稳定性监控,波段间配准表征,调制传递函数推导和电串扰检查。通常,必须进行卫星横摇操纵才能使VIIRS探测器看到月球,这将导致在此期间丢失大约20分钟的科学数据。没有任何安排,当月球侵入仪器空间视口的视场时,也可以定期观察到。自2011年底Suomi-NPP发射以来,已经进行了近200次计划外的月球观测,其中至少有两个光谱带捕获了完整的月球图像。这些观测是在比预定的月球观测更大的相角(-45至-90度)和解放角范围内进行的。在本文中,针对有计划的月球观测开发的月球校准策略和方法学应用于这些非计划的月球观测,并进行必要的调整以解决数据格式的差异。提供了计划外月球观测的结果,重点是与计划外月球观测以及太阳漫射器(SD)校准的结果进行了比较。总体而言,这些结果的长期趋势相互一致,而计划外的月球校准产生的趋势则显示出更大的波动。对于辐射校准,月球校准和SD校准之间的差异在很大程度上取决于相位角和自由角。如果VIIRS测量准确,则表明由USGS机器人月球观测站(ROLO)建模的用于辐射度校准的月球辐照度基准会随这些光度因数而变化。应用经验校正来导出误差和相角之间的关系以补偿影响。校正后的趋势显示波动小得多,与计划的校准趋势相似。

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