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首页> 外文会议>STI/PUB/1285; Consultants Meeting on Management Practices for Improving Sustainable Crop Production in Tropical Acid Soils; 19990501-03; Vienna(AT) >COMPARISON OF THE ABILITY OF DIFFERENT PLANT SPECIES AND CORN HYBRIDS TO ACCESS POORLY-AVAILABLE SOIL PHOSPHORUS IN AN OXISOL OF THE CERRADO REGION, BRAZIL
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COMPARISON OF THE ABILITY OF DIFFERENT PLANT SPECIES AND CORN HYBRIDS TO ACCESS POORLY-AVAILABLE SOIL PHOSPHORUS IN AN OXISOL OF THE CERRADO REGION, BRAZIL

机译：巴西塞拉多地区烟叶土壤中不同植物物种和玉米杂种对可利用的土壤磷的吸收能力的比较

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摘要

The soils of the Cerrado region in Brazil have severe limitations for plant growth and crop production due to their high acidity and low natural fertility, in particular low phosphorus (P) availability. A series of experiments was carried out to make a comparative assessment of a large number of plant genotypes and identify the best adapted to these acid soils. In this paper the studies reported are related to the evaluation of a) twenty two (22) plant species and b) thirty (30) of the most recommended corn (Zea mays L.) hybrids for the Cerrado region with regard to their ability to absorb poorly-available soil phosphorus using the ~(32)P isotopic dilution technique. Two soils (Typic Dystrarox) of this region with contrasting management were employed: one soil was cultivated (and fertilized) for 20 years and another (natural) was kept under native vegetation. In the first experiment, species such as crotalaria, cowpea, soybean, stylosanthes, sunflower, peanut, millet and sorghum showed to have inefficient P uptake ability, while cotton, eucalyptus, rice, white lupin and pigeon pea were found to be highly P-efficient species. Black oat, corn, brachiaria, common bean, wheat, mucuna, tomato, triticale and barley were intermediate, In the second experiment significant differences in P uptake ability were also observed among corn hybrids in the cultivated soil. Seven genotypes were ranked as efficient, sixteen as intermedfiate and another seven as inefficient. Plant growth and P concentration of all corn hybrids grown in the natural soil with low fertility status were lower than those in the cultivated soil.
机译：巴西的塞拉多地区的土壤由于其高酸度和低自然肥力，特别是磷（P）的利用率低，严重限制了植物的生长和作物的生产。进行了一系列实验，对大量植物基因型进行了比较评估，并确定了最适合这些酸性土壤的方法。在本文中，所报道的研究与评估a）二十二（22）种植物和b）三十（30）种针对塞拉多地区最推荐的玉米（Zea mays L.）杂交种的评估能力有关。使用〜（32）P同位素稀释技术吸收难得的土壤磷。使用该地区的两种土壤（典型的Dystrarox），它们的管理方式相反：一种土壤被种植（并施肥）了20年，另一种（天然）被保留在天然植被下。在第一个实验中，猪屎豆，cow豆，大豆，硬皮植物，向日葵，花生，小米和高粱等物种对磷的吸收能力低下，而棉花，桉树，水稻，白羽扇豆和木豆则具有很高的P-吸收能力。高效物种。黑燕麦，玉米，臂菜，普通豆，小麦，粘菌，番茄，小黑麦和大麦为中间产物。在第二个实验中，在耕种土壤中的玉米杂交种中也观察到磷吸收能力的显着差异。七个基因型被评为有效，十六个基因型为中等，另外七个基因型为无效。在低肥力的天然土壤中生长的所有玉米杂交种的植物生长和磷含量均低于耕种土壤。

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