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Modern solutions to historic problems: advanced materials and techniques in heritage applications

机译：解决历史问题的现代解决方案：遗产应用中的先进材料和技术

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The maintenance and remediation of historic structures naturally lends itself to the use of traditional materials and methods. While 'like for like' remains the gold standard, there are situations that may mean alternative materials and methods need to be considered. Many of these approaches are associated with the prevention or control of corrosion of metallic components used as reinforcement, fixings or decoration. Common alloys of iron and carbon, such as steel, cast iron and wrought iron, are totally synthetic, essential unstable and prone to corrosion. A number of electrochemical approaches are available to extend the life of metallic items. Corrosion can also be controlled by chemical methods in the form of inhibitors. Red lead provided this form of protection but newer organic options have become available that can be used with or without a coating system. In addition to concerns over the durability of structures, there can often be problems with their structural capacity. Fibre reinforced composites (FRC) in resin matrixes originally developed for reinforced concrete can also be applied to stone and brick masonry, timber and cast iron. The polymer component in FRC can result in creep, poor fire performance and attack by UV, solvents and heat. Replacement of the organic matrix with an inorganic matrix could resolve such limitations and recent developments, such as geopolymers, essentially artificial rock, may be one such answer. Finally, the rapid development in sensor and remote interrogation technology allows sensitive structures and their enhancements to be effectively monitored without detracting from the historic and aesthetic values.
机译：历史建筑的维护和修复自然很适合使用传统的材料和方法。尽管“按需取样”仍然是金标准，但在某些情况下可能意味着需要考虑替代材料和方法。这些方法中的许多与防止或控制用作增强件，固定件或装饰件的金属部件的腐蚀有关。铁和碳的常见合金，例如钢，铸铁和锻铁，是完全合成的，本质上不稳定并且易于腐蚀。许多电化学方法可用于延长金属物品的寿命。腐蚀也可以通过化学方法以抑制剂的形式进行控制。红铅提供了这种形式的保护，但是已经出现了新的有机选项，可以在有或没有涂层系统的情况下使用。除了担心结构的耐用性外，它们的结构能力通常还会出现问题。最初用于钢筋混凝土的树脂基质中的纤维增强复合材料（FRC）也可以应用于石材和砖石，木材和铸铁。 FRC中的聚合物成分会导致蠕变，不良的防火性能以及受到紫外线，溶剂和热的侵蚀。用无机基质代替有机基质可以解决这种局限性，而最近的发展，例如地质聚合物，基本上是人造岩石，可能就是这样的答案。最后，传感器和远程询问技术的飞速发展允许敏感结构及其增强得到有效监控，而不会损害历史和美学价值。

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