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Regional characteristics and evolution of the form of traditional courtyard houses in the coastal fishing village, Hongmao Harbour in Kaohsiung

机译：高雄市宏茂港沿海渔村传统四合院房屋形式的区域特征与演变

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摘要

The courtyard house is the major construction form of the traditional folk residence in Taiwan. All the settlements, whether in the mountain area, flatland or coastal area, adopt this pattern. The reason why courtyard house has become the first choice of the form of traditional folk residence is that its spatial form satisfies the expectations for good living space and for tight relationships between family groups based on the Chinese cultural concept. However, although the construction of courtyard house has its basic spatial organization, the difference in its geographical location, climatic condition, industrial form, spatial layout, material use and way of construction may create the so-called regional characteristics. In Taiwan the courtyard houses of agricultural villages are obviously different from the courtyard houses of coastal fishing villages because of the difference in their industries and geographical environments. The effects of nature and the human environment are fully reflected in the form of courtyard houses. Taking the settlement of Hongmao Harbour as the spatial area, this paper employs the collection of archives, investigation of substantive historical material and interviews to analyze the construction form and methods of the courtyard house. Through analysis, this paper presents the regional characteristics of the traditional courtyard house and the evolution of its form, investigates the changed and unchanged in the development of traditional folk residence, proposes explanation for the phenomenon that courtyard house finally no longer become the form of folk residence of Hongmao Harbour, and clarifies the relationship among the cultural concepts, realistic conditions and spatial form of folk residences.
机译：四合院是台湾传统民居的主要建筑形式。无论是山区，平地还是沿海地区，所有定居点都采用这种模式。之所以成为传统民居形式的首选，是因为其空间形式满足了对良好居住空间以及基于中国文化观念的家庭群体之间紧密关系的期望。但是，尽管四合院的建造具有其基本的空间组织，但是其地理位置，气候条件，产业形式，空间布局，材料使用和建造方式的差异可能会产生所谓的区域特征。在台湾，由于其产业和地理环境的差异，农业村落的四合院与沿海渔村的四合院明显不同。大自然和人类环境的影响充分体现在四合院的形式中。本文以洪茂港定居点为空间区域，利用档案馆藏，实质性历史资料的调查和访谈等方法，对院落房屋的建造形式和方法进行了分析。通过分析，提出了传统民居的地域特征及其形式的演变，调查了传统民居发展过程中的变化与未变，提出了关于民居最终不再成为民俗形式的现象的解释。阐明了红帽港民居的文化概念，现实条件和民居空间形态之间的关系。

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