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首页> 外文会议>Sustainable irrigation and drainage IV: Management, technologies and policies >Effect of deficit irrigation on yield and yield components of sunflower on Gezira clay soil, Sudan
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Effect of deficit irrigation on yield and yield components of sunflower on Gezira clay soil, Sudan

机译：苏丹Gezira粘土上亏缺灌溉对向日葵产量和产量构成的影响

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Sunflower has become an important crop for both farmers and consumers in Sudan. It is a crop that fits well in the local cropping system and is considered to be the second most important oil crop after groundnut of the country. Regular irrigation intervals could be reduced in order to increase total yield and maximize water productivity. In contrast prolonged irrigation during sensitive growth stages may result in reduction in total yield. The application of water below the evapotranspiration requirements is termed deficit irrigation (DI).The objective of this research is to study the effect of deficit irrigation on yield and yield components of Sunflower (Hysun-33) hybrid. The experiment was conducted at Gezira Research Station, WadMedani, Sudan, in a randomized complete block design with three replications. In this study irrigation intervals every week (W) during all the season, 10 days interval (F1), 15 days interval (F2) and 20 days interval (F3) after flowering stage and 10 days interval (SI), 15 days interval (S2) and 20 days interval (S3) after seed formation stage - were applied to study the effect of full and deficit irrigation on yield and yield components of sunflower crop during the winter season 2011-2012. Results showed that water stress decreased the number of full seeds per head, weight of full seed and seed yield. The highest seed yield of 2810 kg ha~(-1) was obtained from normal irrigation (W) and lowest of 1880 kg ha~(-1) from irrigation every 20 days (S3). Results also indicated that there were no significant differences of water deficit on head diameter, plant height and stem diameter. Seasonal crop water applied measured were 17000, 17400, 16300, 16500, 16956, 17042, and 15655 mVha for W, F1, F2, F3, S1, S2 and S3 respectively. Apart from S3, the difference between the highest (17400) and the lowest (16300) is about 6%. However, water productivity showed large differences from the highest 0.17 of Wl and the lowest 0.12 of S3. The small difference in water applied in 13 irrigations and 11 irrigations is due to the unique characteristics of Gezira clay, no deep percolation and evaporation from cracks.
机译：向日葵已成为苏丹农民和消费者的重要农作物。这是一种非常适合当地种植体系的作物，被认为是仅次于该国花生的第二重要的油料作物。可以减少常规灌溉间隔，以增加总产量并最大程度提高水生产率。相反，在敏感的生长阶段长期灌溉可能导致总产量下降。低于蒸散量的水的应用称为亏缺灌溉（DI）。本研究的目的是研究亏缺灌溉对向日葵（Hysun-33）杂交种产量和产量构成的影响。该实验是在苏丹WadMedani的Gezira研究站进行的，随机完整的模块设计，包含三个重复。在本研究中，整个季节的每周灌溉间隔（W），开花期后间隔10天（F1），间隔15天（F2）和间隔20天（F3），间隔10天（SI），间隔15天（ S2）和种子形成阶段后的20天间隔（S3）用于研究2011-2012年冬季全量和亏缺灌溉对向日葵作物产量和产量构成的影响。结果表明，水分胁迫降低了每头完整种子的数量，完整种子的重量和种子产量。每20天的最高灌溉量（W）为2810 kg ha〜（-1），最低为每20天灌溉1880 kg ha〜（-1）（S3）。结果还表明，水分亏缺对头径，株高和茎径没有显着差异。对于W，F1，F2，F3，S1，S2和S3，测得的季节性作物用水分别为17000、17400、16300、16500、16956、17042和15655 mVha。除了S3，最高（17400）和最低（16300）之间的差异约为6％。然而，水生产率与W1的最高0.17和S3的最低0.12显示出很大的差异。由于Gezira粘土的独特特性，没有深层的渗透和裂缝蒸发，因此在13个灌溉和11个灌溉中使用的水的差异很小。

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