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Impact of Skin Damage on Horizontal Well Flow Distribution

机译：表皮损伤对水平井流量分布的影响

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One of the common applications of horizontal wells is therndevelopment of thin oil columns underlain by bottom waterrnand/or overlain by a gas cap. Vertical wells are not suited inrnthis situation due to the rapid coning of water or gas atrnreasonable production rates. Horizontal wells correctlyrnpositioned in the oil column, however, can produce at highrnflow rates with very little drawdown. The small drawdownrnsignificantly delays the breakthrough of water or gas at flowrnrates much higher than the flow rates possible from a verticalrnwell.rnThe flow distribution in a horizontal well designed torndevelop a thin oil column can be significantly impacted byrnfriction losses in the wellbore. The impact of friction results inrna higher drawdown at the heel as compared to the toe of thernhorizontal well. While this impact is insignificant in lowerrnpermeability systems, it can lead to premature water or gasrnbreakthrough at the heel of the well in high permeabilityrnsystems produced with low reservoir drawdown.rnSkin damage is normally undesirable due to its detrimentalrnimpact on well productivity. In high permeability systemsrndeveloped with horizontal wells, however, well productivity isrnnormally not a problem. Skin damage actually diminishes therndetrimental impact of friction in horizontal wells by improvingrnthe flow distribution. This study investigates the intentionalrninclusion of mechanical skin damage in a high permeability,rnNorth Sea horizontal development. Reservoir simulation wasrnused to justify and design a limited entry completion that wasrnshown to improve flow distribution and oil recovery, at arnsignificantly lower completion cost. The desired uniform flowrnrate distribution was confirmed by a PLT run in the first well,rnand through reservoir simulation and history matching.
机译：水平井的常见应用之一是开发薄油柱，这些薄油柱的底部注水是在井底和/或气顶覆盖的。垂直井不适合这种情况，因为水或天然气的快速锥入使生产率不合理。但是，在油柱中正确放置的水平井可以以高流量生产，而回撤量很少。较小的压降显着延迟了流速远高于垂直井可能产生的流速的水或天然气的渗透。rn设计成水平油井的水平井的流动分布会受到井眼中摩擦损失的显着影响。与水平井的脚趾相比，摩擦的影响导致脚跟处的垂降更高。虽然这种影响在较低渗透率的系统中微不足道，但在储层水位低而生产的高渗透率系统中，它可能导致井底过早的水或瓦斯突破。由于对井产能的不利影响，通常不会造成皮肤损害。但是，在水平井发育的高渗透率系统中，通常井产量不是问题。皮肤损害实际上通过改善流量分布而减少了水平井中摩擦的不利影响。这项研究调查了在高渗透性北海水平发育中机械性皮肤损伤的有意纳入。油藏模拟被用来证明和设计有限的完井完井，该完井被证明可以改善流量分配和石油采收率，而完井成本却低得多。通过在第一口井中进行PLT并通过油藏模拟和历史记录匹配，确定了所需的均匀流速分布。

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