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首页> 外文会议>Third International Symposium on Non-Co_2 Greenhouse Gases: Scientific Understanding, Control Options and Policy Aspects Jan 21-23, 2002 Maastricht, The Netherlands >Short-lived atmospheric species and their impact on climate
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Short-lived atmospheric species and their impact on climate

机译：短命的大气物种及其对气候的影响

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摘要

Not only long-lived greenhouse gases (GHGs), such as CO_2 and non-CO_2 GHGs, controlled by the Montreal Protocol, the Climate Convention and the Kyoto Protocol, have an impact on climate. Also short-lived atmospheric species, such as various types of aerosols and ozone and its precursors, may contribute significantly to human induced climate change. The radiative forcing of these species is complicated and not well understood. Various types of aerosols may cause direct and indirect radiative forcing of the climate system with a highly inhomogeneous horizontal and vertical distribution. Tropospheric ozone, an important GHG, is determined by human emissions of precursors such as CO, NOx, methane and other hydrocarbons and volatile organic compounds, and is affected by many highly non-linear interactive chemical and physical processes. Through its chemistry it in turn influences the lifetime of other GHGs. Policy responses to human induced climate change, such as the Kyoto protocol, are based on the ability to express the relative contribution of various species to climate change. The Global Warming Potential (GWP) is a politically accepted, but not necessarily only way to achieve this. However, the determination of GWPs of radiatively inactive precursors, or other unevenly distributed short-lived species is not straightforward. If control measures of such gases would be envisaged in future climate negotiations, a quantitative understanding and representation of their potential to change climate is needed. In this Report we attempt to briefly summarise the progress in these areas presented at the Third International Symposium on Non-CO_2 Greenhouse Gases (NCGG-3).
机译：不仅受《蒙特利尔议定书》，《气候公约》和《京都议定书》控制的CO_2和非CO_2温室气体等长寿命温室气体（GHG）都对气候产生影响。寿命短的大气物种，例如各种气溶胶和臭氧及其前体，也可能对人类诱发的气候变化做出重大贡献。这些物质的辐射强迫是复杂的，尚未得到很好的理解。各种类型的气溶胶可能导致气候系统的水平和垂直高度不均匀的直接和间接辐射强迫。对流层臭氧是一种重要的温室气体，它是由人类排放的前体（例如，CO，NOx，甲烷和其他碳氢化合物以及挥发性有机化合物）决定的，并受到许多高度非线性的相互作用的化学和物理过程的影响。通过其化学性质，它反过来影响了其他温室气体的寿命。对人为引起的气候变化的政策回应（例如《京都议定书》）基于表达各种物种对气候变化的相对贡献的能力。全球变暖潜势（GWP）在政治上被接受，但不一定是实现这一目标的唯一方法。但是，测定放射性不活泼的前体或其他分布不均的短寿命物种的全球升温潜能值并不容易。如果在未来的气候谈判中设想采取此类气体的控制措施，则需要对这些气体改变气候的潜力进行定量的了解和表示。在本报告中，我们试图简要总结在第三届国际非CO_2温室气体国际研讨会（NCGG-3）上提出的这些领域的进展。

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