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OLD WORLD, NEW WORLD, TOMORROW'S WORLD: HOW LNG HAS CHANGED SINCE LNG 12

机译:旧世界,新世界,明天世界:自液化天然气以来,液化天然气的变化方式12

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There has probably been more dramatic LNG activity in the three years since LNG 12 than in any comparable period in LNG history.Four new LNG plants ― Oman, Nigeria, Ras Laffan and Trinidad ― have started up and four new countries ― Greece, India, Puerto Rico and the Dominican Republic ― are joining the ranks of LNG importers.This is unusual enough in itself but perhaps more interesting are the signs that new and more flexible ways of trading LNG are starting to emerge. Far more emphasis has been placed on low cost and innovative and risk taking approaches.There has been, for the first time, a willingness to construct LNG plants which have not pre-sold all of their name plate capacity on long term contract.It also seems likely that we will see the first LNG ships built for nearly thirty years which are not tied to a specific trade.There has been a strong re-emergence of the US market as a home for spare cargoes which has provided enhanced security and flexibility to LNG deals with other countries ― notably Spain and Puerto Rico.The ability of liberalised gas markets and LNG to live together has been demonstrated. Meanwhile, the traditional Asian markets have been through a difficult time and are now faced by the challenge of liberalisation themselves.India and China are potential markets of great promise but are developing slowly. At the present time there is oversupply in the Asian market and potentially also in European markets, combined with shortage in the USA.The paper examines the potential arbitrage opportunities and the possible impact on prices and patterns of trade of these developments.It considers the possible development of a freely traded market in LNG.
机译:自12年液化天然气以来的三年中,液化天然气的活动可能比液化天然气历史上任何可比时期都要活跃。阿曼,尼日利亚,拉斯拉凡和特立尼达的四个新的液化天然气工厂已经启动,希腊,印度,波多黎各和多米尼加共和国加入了液化天然气进口国行列,这本身并不常见,但更有趣的迹象表明,新的,更灵活的液化天然气交易方式开始出现。更加注重低成本,创新和冒险的方法,这是人们第一次愿意建造尚未在长期合同上预售其全部铭牌能力的LNG工厂。似乎我们将看到将近三十年来建造的第一批LNG船与特定行业无关。美国市场已大量涌现,成为了备用货物的存放地,为美国提供了增强的安全性和灵活性。液化天然气与其他国家(尤其是西班牙和波多黎各)打交道。天然气市场自由化和液化天然气共同生活的能力已得到证明。同时,传统的亚洲市场经历了艰难的时期,现在正面临自由化的挑战。印度和中国是潜力无限的潜在市场,但发展缓慢。目前,亚洲市场以及欧洲市场都有供过于求的局面,再加上美国的供不应求,本文研究了潜在的套利机会以及这些发展对价格和贸易方式的可能影响。发展液化天然气的自由交易市场。

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