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CHALLENGE OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IN THE NUCLEAR FIELD

机译：核领域可持续发展的挑战

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The challenge of sustainable development also applies to the nuclear field: therncareful management of natural resources, the preservation of the environment, and thernresponse to society’s expectations for increased transparency, and for the efficientrncontrol of risks associated with nuclear technologies are certainly key issues for thisrnsector. Risk oriented R&D and associated scientific expertise are a key element ofrndefence in depth for optimal nuclear safety and radioprotection. As such, a capacity tornmaintain worldwide the critical mass of research needed to address the main securityrnrelated issues in support of public policies is vital for the continuing acceptance ofrnnuclear activities, and of their development where needed. These issues concern bothrnexisting and future technologies. They are related to operational safety and radioprotection,rnto environmental protection and to public health issues, particularly withrnrespect to nuclear waste management. They also concern security, at a time when thernrisk of terrorism in all its potential forms must be addressed. Nuclear and radiologicalrnR&D is characterized by the high cost and sophistication of experimental facilities, andrnby the high degree of knowledge and experience required to run such researchrnprogrammes. Pooling of resources at the international and European level, andrnincreasing cooperation between research organizations on the basis of an active policyrntowards scientific excellence and exemplary human resource management are essential,rnbecause research resources are growing scarce, in order to keep risk related researchrnabreast of evolving technologies and industry practice, and of society’s expectations forrnthe control of nuclear and radiological risks. This is particularly true for the maintainingrnof key reference experimental platforms, such as safety dedicated research reactors, andrnfor the development of complex safety related computer codes. The “networks of excellence”rnpromoted through the European Union’s research policy provide examples ofrnthe way in which international cooperation can develop.
机译：可持续发展的挑战也适用于核领域：对自然资源的谨慎管理，对环境的保护以及对社会对提高透明度的期望以及对与核技术相关的风险的有效控制的期望的响应无疑是该领域的关键问题。面向风险的研发和相关的科学专业知识是实现最佳核安全和放射防护的深度防御的关键要素。因此，要在全世界范围内维持解决与安全相关的主要问题以支持公共政策所需的关键研究量，这对于继续接受核活动及其必要的发展至关重要。这些问题既涉及现有技术，也涉及未来技术。它们与操作安全和辐射防护，环境保护以及公共卫生问题有关，特别是在核废料管理方面。在必须解决所有潜在形式的恐怖主义威胁之时，它们也涉及安全。核和放射学R＆D的特点是实验设施的成本高昂且复杂，运行此类研究计划所需的知识和经验也很高。在国际和欧洲范围内集中资源，以及在积极政策的基础上，加强研究组织之间的合作，以追求科学卓越和典范的人力资源管理是必不可少的，因为研究资源越来越稀缺，以保持与风险相关的技术与时俱进的技术发展水平。行业惯例以及社会对控制核和放射风险的期望。对于维护性关键参考实验平台（例如安全专用研究堆）和复杂安全相关计算机代码的开发而言，尤其如此。欧盟研究政策推动的“卓越网络”为国际合作的发展提供了范例。

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