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首页> 外文会议>Twelfth International Conference on Adaptive Structures and Technologies, Oct 15-17, 2001, University of Maryland >MECHANICALLY RATCHETING PIEZOELECTRIC MOTORS
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MECHANICALLY RATCHETING PIEZOELECTRIC MOTORS

机译：机械棘轮式压电电动机

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The main principle underlying the operation of mechanically-ratcheting piezoelectric motors is rectification and accumulation of small oscillatory displacements of piezoelectric drive elements using "mechanical diodes." An initial rotary version of a motor based on this concept used commercial roller clutches as mechanical diodes and inexpensive piezoelectric bimorphs as drive elements. Experiments with an initial 2-armed motor demonstrated a stall torque of about 0.04 N-m, a no-load speed of about 180 RPM, and peak power output of about 0.075 W. This output corresponds to a specific power of 1.1 W/kg. A design optimization study indicated that, by increasing the length of the bimorph drive element, splitting the piezo elements at a strain node, and decreasing the end mass, output specific power could be substantially increased for a given roller clutch. Experiments confirmed a performance improvement of more than 10X in specific power. Other aspects of motor design and their effects on specific power were also considered, including the stiffness and backlash of mechanical diodes, the optimum drive frequency, and the role of resonance. A different rotary motor was also developed, based on the use of a piezoelectric stack driver and larger roller clutches. Experiments with this motor demonstrated a stall torque of about 5.0 N-m, a no-load speed of about 350 RPM, and peak power output of about 40 W, corresponding to specific power of about 30 W/kg. Compact motors that rectify and accumulate the small, high frequency displacements generated by smart materials drive elements have the potential to achieve high specific power in combination with accurate positioning.
机译：机械棘轮式压电马达工作的主要原理是使用“机械二极管”对压电驱动元件的小振动位移进行整流和积累。基于此概念的电动机的初始旋转版本使用商用辊式离合器作为机械二极管，并使用廉价的压电双压电晶片作为驱动元件。使用最初的2臂电动机进行的实验表明，失速转矩约为0.04 N-m，空载速度约为180 RPM，峰值功率输出约为0.075W。此输出对应于1.1 W / kg的比功率。一项设计优化研究表明，通过增加双压电晶片驱动元件的长度，在应变节点处分割压电元件并减小端部质量，对于给定的滚柱离合器，输出比功率可以大大提高。实验证实，比功率的性能提高了10倍以上。还考虑了电机设计的其他方面及其对比功率的影响，包括机械二极管的刚度和反冲，最佳驱动频率以及谐振的作用。基于压电堆栈驱动器和更大的滚子离合器的使用，还开发了另一种旋转电机。用该电动机进行的实验表明，失速转矩约为5.0 N-m，空载速度约为350 RPM，峰值功率输出约为40 W，对应于约30 W / kg的比功率。紧凑型电动机可以校正和累积由智能材料驱动元件产生的微小的高频位移，并具有与精确定位相结合的高比功率的潜力。

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