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首页> 外文会议>Waste management 2004 symposium (WM'04): waste management, energy security and a clean environment >HIGH-LEVEL WASTE TANK LAY-UP AT THE WEST VALLEY DEMONSTRATION PROJECT
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HIGH-LEVEL WASTE TANK LAY-UP AT THE WEST VALLEY DEMONSTRATION PROJECT

机译：西山谷示范项目的高等级垃圾箱铺设

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The West Valley Demonstration Project(WVDP)has successfully completed the retrieval and vitrification of radioactive high-level waste(HLW)from its storage tanks and the subsequent lay-up of the two largest tanks in preparation for future closure.Waste recovery of cesium-137 adsorbed on two zeolite medias during waste pretreatment has resulted in over 95 percent of this radioactivity being vitrified.Greater than 99.5 percent of the long-lived sludge/transuranic radioactivity and 99%of the Sr- 90 have been retrieved from the tanks and vitrified.Approximately 84 percent of the original 1.1x10~18 becquerels(30 million curies)of radioactivity was efficiently retrieved and vitrified from June 1996 to June 1998 during Phase I HLW processing.Recovery of the last HLW took place from June 1998 to September 2001 and was challenging due to a number of factors.The primary factors were the complex internal support structure within the two main 2.8 million-liter(760,000-gallon)HLW tanks,designated Tanks 8D-1 and 8D-2,and the discovery/mitigation of higher-than-expected radioactive deposits on the walls of Tank 8D-2. Recovery of this last waste was exponentially more difficult,as less and less HLW was available to mobilize and vitrify.The WVDP vitrification system was flushed and its melter shut down permanently on September 5,2002. rnFollowing completion of vitrification,approximately 490,000 liters(130,000 gallons)of dilute liquid remained in Tanks 8D-1 and 8D-2. This liquid was retrieved from the tanks in January and February 2003 using specially developed remote equipment to minimize the liquid heel left behind.The tanks were then isolated from further waste additions and placed in a safe,minimum surveillance and maintenance lay-up mode on July 31,2003.Activities completed to accomplish tank lay-up also included deactivation of the Supernatant Treatment System,the pretreatment system for the HLW with most of its process vessels inside Tank 8D-1,and a number of actions to reduce the moisture in the underground vaults and minimize external corrosion of the carbon steel tanks. rnThis paper contrasts the current status of the former HLW tanks against their status prior to the start of the West Valley Demonstration Project,summarizes the HLW pretreatment processes and HLW retrieval for vitrification,reviews waste residual characterization efforts,and describes in detail the recent emptying of Tanks 8D-1 and 8D-2 and their lay-up into a safe,minimum surveillance and maintenance configuration, awaiting a determination on the method/configuration of final tank closure.Major lessons learned during HLW pretreatment,waste retrieval,residual characterization,and tank lay-up are also presented.
机译：西谷示范项目（WVDP）已成功完成了从其储罐中回收和玻璃化放射性高放废物（HLW）的工作，并随后铺设了两个最大的储罐，为将来的封存做准备。废物预处理过程中，两种沸石介质上吸附了137种沸石，导致超过95％的这种放射性被玻璃化。超过99.5％的长寿命污泥/超铀放射性和99％的Sr-90已从储罐中回收并进行了玻璃化。在第一阶段高放废物处理期间，从1996年6月至1998年6月，有效地回收并玻璃化了最初的1.1x10〜18贝克勒尔（3000万居里）放射性的84％，最后一次高放废物的回收发生在1998年6月至2001年9月，由于许多因素，该系统具有挑战性。主要因素是两个主要的280万升（760,000加仑）HLW储罐（称为Ta）内复杂的内部支撑结构nks 8D-1和8D-2，以及发现/减轻8D-2储罐壁上放射性沉积物的数量超预期。回收最后一批废物的难度成倍增加，因为可动员和玻璃化的高放废物越来越少。2002年9月5日，冲洗了WVDP玻璃化系统，其熔化器永久关闭。 rn完成玻璃化之后，在8D-1和8D-2储罐中大约剩余490,000升（130,000加仑）稀液。 2003年1月和2003年2月，使用专门开发的远程设备从储罐中回收了这种液体，以最大程度地减少遗留的液体残留。然后，将储罐与其他废料隔离开来，并在7月置于安全，最少的监视和维护堆放模式下2003年3月31日。完成储罐堆放的活动还包括停用上清液处理系统，HLW预处理系统及其大部分工艺容器都位于8D-1储罐中，并采取了许多措施来减少储罐中的水分地下拱顶，最大程度减少碳钢储罐的外部腐蚀。 rn本文将前高放废物储罐的现状与其在西谷示范项目开始之前的状态进行了对比，总结了高放废物的预处理过程和高放废物的玻璃化回收，回顾了废物残留表征工作，并详细描述了最近清空的高放废物储罐。储罐8D-1和8D-2及其放置在安全，最少的监视和维护配置中，等待最终储罐封闭的方法/配置的确定。在HLW预处理，废物回收，残留表征和过程中吸取的主要经验教训还介绍了储罐的布置。

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