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首页> 外文会议>World Landslide Forum 3, Volume 4: Discussion Session >Effect of Large Dams and Irrigation in the Upper Reaches of the Yellow River and the Geohazards Burden
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Effect of Large Dams and Irrigation in the Upper Reaches of the Yellow River and the Geohazards Burden

机译：黄河上游的大坝与灌溉效应及地质灾害负担。

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The geomorphology of the upper reaches of the Yellow River is characterized by a sequence of fluvial terraces that were formed following phases of neotectonic uplift and subsequent incision due to baseline lowering by erosion.Most of the terraces are covered by thick loess deposits.These Quaternary deposits are characterized by cemented, open fabrics and high void ratios.Upon wetting, loess has a propensity to collapse.This is particularly problematic along the terrace edge risers in the high relative relief terrain described here.Substantial water resource development projects, such as large dams and associated irrigation schemes have been developed in this region over the past 60 years.The level terrace surfaces were initially seen as ideal locations supporting migrating populations and irrigated agriculture.However, following the application of irrigation in these previously dry environments, the meta-stable loess collapsed upon wetting, causing widespread subsidence of the plateau levels (more than 2 m) and the build-up of groundwater, resulting in a loss of shearing resistance along the terrace edges and the instigation of large mass movements.Several measurements and some academic research has been undertaken in this area, but neither the disastrous effect upon local people nor the evolutionary trend of the hazards have been studied until now.This paper provides a summary of the hazards, their study and management history based on consideration of the extensive literature covering both academic articles and project reports.The paper concludes with a discussion of opportunities for mitigation of these hazards and appropriate management strategies for the irrigated surfaces.
机译：黄河上游的地貌特征是一系列河床阶地，这些阶地是在新构造抬升和随后因侵蚀而基线下降而形成的切口之后形成的，大部分阶地都被厚厚的黄土沉积物所覆盖。其特点是胶结的，开放的织物和高的空隙率。湿润时，黄土具有崩塌的倾向，这在此处所述的高相对起伏地带的梯田边缘上升沿尤其成问题。大型水资源开发项目，例如大型水坝在过去的60年中，该地区已经制定了相关的灌溉计划和相关的灌溉计划。平地阶地表面最初被视为支持移民人口和灌溉农业的理想地点。然而，在这些以前干燥的环境中进行灌溉之后，亚稳态黄土因润湿而塌陷，导致高原的广泛沉降水位（超过2 m）和地下水积聚，导致沿阶地边缘的抗剪力损失和大规模运动的发动。该区域已进行了多次测量和一些学术研究，但到目前为止，尚未对灾害造成的灾难性影响或灾害的演变趋势进行研究。本文在考虑了涵盖学术文章和项目报告的大量文献的基础上，总结了灾害，灾害的研究和管理历史。讨论了减轻这些危害的机会以及灌溉表面的适当管理策略。

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