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判断社会地位：儿童是否使用言语或非言语线索？

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目录

声明

ABSTRACT

ACKOWLEDGMENT

CONTENTS

LIST OF TABLES

LIST OF FIGURES

CHAPTER 1 LITERATURE REVIEW

1．1 Nonverbal Behavior

1．2 Social Power

1．3 Determining Social Power Using Verbal and Nonverbal Behavior

1．4 The Paradigm of the Study

CHAPTER 2 RESEARCH DESIGN

2．1 Research Background

2．2 Research Idea

2．3 Significance of the Study

2．3．1 Theoretical Significance

2．3．2 Practical Significance

CHAPTER 3 EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH

3．1．2 Method

3．1．3 Results

3．1．4 Discussion

3．2 Study 2：Children use content cues to determine one’s social power

3．2．2 Method

3．2．3 Results

3．2．4 Discussion

3．3 Study 3：Children use visual cues to determine one’s social power

3．3．1 Objective and Hypothesis

3．3．2 Method

3．3．3 Results

3．3．4 Discussion

CIIAPTER 4 GENERAL DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION

4．1 General Discussion

4．2 Conclusion

REFERENCES

APPENDⅨ

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摘要

It is important for young children to understand other's social power in everyday lives.This will help them to understand and interact better with other people.The present study is aimed to examine4-to6-year-old children's ability in using verbal and nonverbal cues to determine other's social power,which cues help them in making the decision,and characteristics of the children's ability development in this area.There were two nonverbal and one verbal cues used in this study(visual,auditory,and content).
　　Study1was designed to investigate which cues that4-to6-year-old children use to determine one's social power.A total of478Chinese children were participated.They were shown five videos and were asked to determine which actor has a higher social power.There were two actors in each video;one of the actors exhibited cues associated with high social power and the other exhibited cues associated with low social power.Results showed that with the increase of age,children's ability to determine one's social power got better.Four-year-old children benefited more from auditory cue,whereas5-and6-year-old children benefited more from visual auditory cues.Four-to6-year-old children were having difficulty to rely on content cue to judge other's social power.
　　Study2investigated whether4-to6-year-old children could benefit from content cue in judging social power in normal and slow speaking tempo condition.A total of240Chinese children were participated.They were shown five videos in which2cartoon photographs were having a conversation in each video and had to determine which one had more power based on their conversation.The findings showed that4-year-old children could not use content cue,whereas5-and6-year-old children could use content cue to determine other's social power.
　　Study3investigated which visual cues that5-and6-year-old children used to determine social power.A total of80Chinese children were participated.They were shown8photographs which consisted of2models in each photograph.They had to give responses based on the visual cues exhibited by the models.Results showed that5-and6-year-old children benefited most when mixed cues(head,eye,and posture)were presented.They were least sensitive to eye and posture cues.
　　The present study suggests that with the increase of age,children's ability development in determining other's social power got better,with5-and6-year-old children can use visual,auditory,and content cues,whereas4-year-old children rely more on auditory cue.

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