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Breeding and genetic manipulation within the genera Buddleja and Trichostema.

机译：Buddleja和Trichostema属的繁殖和基因操作。

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摘要

Recently ornamental and perennial plant breeding has received greater attention as consumers seek out novel plant material. Some genera such as Buddleja L. have been bred for over 70 years however, progress can still be made in areas of molecular, mutagenesis, and hybridization practices to incorporate traits such as flower color, winter hardiness, pubescence, and unique leaf morphology. Other genera such as Trichostema L. have received less attention, so basic breeding experiments would provide information into their genetic relationship.Hybrid production is important to breeding programs, so new populations of hybrid plants were generated in both genera to provide populations for selection and analysis. Within Buddleja, a hybridization experiment to sib-mate a population of B. davidii Franch. 'White Bouquet' x B. indica Lam. hybrids was initiated to assess landscape potential of such hybrids. The population proved to be highly variable for traits such as cold hardiness, number of flowers per panicle, leaf morphology, and resistance to spider mite damage. After three years, four plants remain in evaluation.In another case where B. indica was one of the parents of a hybrid, progeny among a population of hybrid B. davidii 'Empire Blue' x B. indica plants backcrossed to B. davidii 'Empire Blue' were found to be sterile. Since the original parent plant was highly fertile it is thought that the sterility was due to a genic or chromosomal imbalance. Flow cytometric analysis confirmed varying DNA content within the progeny. Morphological traits among this population varied and an increase in panicle length was seen, which would be more desirable to the consumer. Four sterile plants were selected from the population for further evaluation.Within Trichostema, hybridizations among T. arizonicum A. Gray x T. lanatum Benth, resulted in the released selection 'Blue Myth'. 'Blue Myth' was surprisingly sterile halting further hybridization, but the sterility allowed for profuse flowering in the field. Another Trichostema cross between T. purpusii Brandegee. and T. lanatum resulted in fertile offspring. Field evaluation of this hybrid showed a plant with a more compact growth habit but less abundant flower production than the T. arizonicum x T. lanatum hybrids.Experiments to induce polyploidy in Buddleja were carried out on an individual hybrid selection. An oryzalin experiment was set up with a combination of chemical concentration along with varying exposure times. Six confirmed tetraploid plants were generated. Hybridization using these tetraploids confirmed the restoration of fertility and generated a population of plants that were bi-colored. Open pollination of this F1 population did not generate completely orange-flowered hybrids, but did result in the first reported petaloid mutants.Besides hybridization to control unwanted fertility in Buddleja , a regeneration and gene insertion protocol using Agrobacterium was investigated. No transformed plants were developed, which was due largely to not being able to establish an efficient shoot regeneration protocol for B. davidii var. nanhoensis 'Alba' and B. davidii var. nanhoensis 'Mongo'. Factors likely affecting success rate included type of media used, hormone concentrations, plant material, bacterial strain, and selection method.
机译：最近，随着消费者寻找新颖的植物材料，观赏性和多年生植物育种受到了越来越多的关注。有些属（例如Buddleja L.）的育种已超过70年，但是，在分子，诱变和杂交方法等领域仍可以取得进展，以融合诸如花色，耐寒性，短柔毛和独特的叶片形态等特征。其他属如Trichostema L.受到的关注较少，因此基本的育种实验将为它们的遗传关系提供信息。杂种生产对育种计划很重要，因此两个属均产生了新的杂交植物种群，以提供供选择和分析的种群。 。在Buddleja内，进行杂交实验，以使大卫氏芽孢杆菌种群同化。 “白色花束” x B. indica Lam。开始研究杂种以评估此类杂种的景观潜力。事实证明，种群的变异性很高，例如抗寒性，每圆锥花序的花数，叶片形态以及对红蜘蛛危害的抵抗力。三年后，仍对四株植物进行评估。在另一种情况下，印度。是杂交种的亲本之一，在杂交后代B.davidii'Empire Blue'x印度B种B.发现“帝国蓝”是无菌的。由于原始的亲本植物是高度可育的，因此认为不育是由于基因或染色体的不平衡。流式细胞仪分析证实了子代中DNA含量的变化。该人群的形态特征各不相同，并且穗长增加了，这对消费者而言是更理想的。从种群中选择了四株不育植株进行进一步评估。在Trichostema中，亚利桑那州锥虫A. Gray x lanatum T. lanatum Benth之间的杂交导致释放了选择“ Blue Myth”。 'Blue Myth'出人意料地是无菌的，阻止了进一步的杂交，但是不育使得田间大量开花。 T. purpusii Brandegee之间的另一个Trichostema杂交。毛T和T. lanatum导致了可育的后代。对该杂种的田间评价表明，该植物的生长习性比亚利桑那杂种x lanatum杂种更紧凑，但其花的产生却较少。在单个杂种选择下，进行了在醉鱼草中诱导多倍体的实验。建立了一种结合化学浓度和变化的暴露时间的米草素实验。产生了六株确认的四倍体植物。使用这些四倍体的杂交证实了繁殖力的恢复，并产生了双色植物。该F1种群的开放授粉并未产生完全橙色的杂交体，但确实导致了第一个报道的花瓣状突变体。除了杂交以控制Buddleja中不想要的繁殖力之外，还研究了利用农杆菌的再生和基因插入方案。没有开发出转化的植物，这主要是由于不能建立有效的芽孢杆菌变种方案。 nanhoensis'Alba'和B. davidii var。 nanhoensis'Mongo'。影响成功率的因素包括所用培养基的类型，激素浓度，植物材料，细菌菌株和选择方法。

著录项

  • 作者

    Dunn, Bruce.;

  • 作者单位

    University of Arkansas.;

  • 授予单位 University of Arkansas.;
  • 学科 Agriculture Horticulture.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2008
  • 页码 172 p.
  • 总页数 172
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

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