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The association between the introduction of a province-wide school nutrition policy and food consumption in elementary school children on Prince Edward Island.

机译：爱德华王子岛省实施全省学校营养政策与小学生食品消费之间的联系。

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摘要

Although the majority of Canadian provinces have now adopted province-wide school nutrition policies in an effort to improve children's eating habits and reduce childhood overweight, there has been little evaluation of healthy eating policies across the country. Nutrition policies for elementary schools in Prince Edward Island were adopted by all three school districts in 2005-2006, referred to as the PEI School Nutrition Policy in this thesis. This purpose of this study was to describe food consumption of those grade five and six students participating in the Eating Behaviour Survey in 2007 and to examine the association between any changes in food consumption and the implementation of the school nutrition policy (2001/02 vs. 2007). An in-class survey was used to describe food intakes according to grade and gender for all grade 5 and 6 children in PEI in 2007 (n=2026). A quasi-experimental, pre-test--post-test design was then used to compare food consumption data from a subset of 11 schools which were included in both a pre-policy (2001/02) survey and the post-implementation survey (2007) (n=1533). Study hypotheses were that (1) daily intakes of Milk and Alternatives (MA) and Vegetables and Fruit (VF) will be higher and intakes of low nutrient density foods (LNDF) will be lower following implementation of the PEI School Nutrition Policy compared to pre-implementation; (2) students will be more likely to consume adequate amounts of MA, VF following policy implementation compared to pre-implementation and (3) students will be less likely to consume three or more servings of LNDF following policy implementation compared to pre-implementation. Hierarchical linear modelling was then used to assess changes in food consumption between 2001/02 and 2007, with survey year as a fixed effect and gender, grade and the difference in students' total daily number of food servings between the two time periods as covariates.;Study results provide support for our hypotheses in that the introduction of the PEI School Nutrition Policy has been associated with a significant reduction in the consumption of low-nutrient density foods and a modest increase in the consumption of healthier choices from the Vegetables and Fruit and Milk and Alternatives food groups. The results thus underscore the importance of school nutrition policies, which modify the school food environment through the restriction of 'poor choices', in improving children's diet quality and their overall health. Findings are also consistent with a growing number of studies demonstrating the impact of changes to the school food environment on student food and nutrient intakes. While reducing unhealthy foods is a positive change to the school food environment, the lack of improvement in healthy choices may suggest that a more comprehensive intervention is needed where healthy choices are made readily available to students.;Results indicated that students in 2007 were more than twice as likely to report consuming less than 3 servings of LNDF compared to those in 2001/02 (OR=2.14 [95% CI 1.63, 2.83]). Survey year was also a significant predictor of whether or not students met CFG recommendations for Milk and Alternatives and Vegetables and Fruit. Students who were surveyed in 2007 were 1.3 times more likely to consume the recommended servings of Milk and Alternatives (p<0.05) and 1.5 times more likely to consume the recommended servings of Vegetables and Fruit than students in 2001/02.
机译：尽管加拿大大多数省份现已采取全省学校营养政策，以改善儿童的饮食习惯并减少儿童超重，但全国对健康饮食政策的评估很少。这三个学区在2005-2006年都采用了爱德华王子岛小学的营养政策，在本文中称为PEI学校营养政策。这项研究的目的是描述参加2007年饮食行为调查的5年级和6年级学生的食物消耗，并研究食物消耗的任何变化与学校营养政策的实施之间的关联（2001/02与2002年。 2007）。一项课堂调查被用来描述2007年PEI中所有5年级和6年级儿童的食物摄入量，按年级和性别分类（n = 2026）。然后使用准实验，前测后测设计比较来自11所学校的一部分的食物消费数据，这些数据既包括在政策前（2001/02）调查中，又包括在实施后调查中（ 2007）（n = 1533）。研究假设是：（1）实施PEI学校营养政策后，与以前相比，每日牛奶和替代品（MA）以及蔬菜和水果（VF）的摄入量将较高，而低营养密度食品（LNDF）的摄入量将较低。 -实施； （2）与实施前相比，政策实施后学生将更可能消耗足够量的MA，VF；（3）在实施政策后，与实施前相比，学生将不太可能消费三份或更多份LNDF。然后使用分层线性建模来评估2001/02年至2007年之间的食物消费变化，其中调查年份为固定影响，而性别，年级和两个时间段之间学生每日食物总摄入量的差异作为协变量。 ；研究结果为我们的假设提供了支持，因为PEI学校营养政策的引入与低营养素密度食品的消费量显着减少以及蔬菜和水果和牛奶和替代食品组。因此，结果强调了学校营养政策的重要性，该政策通过限制“贫困选择”来改善学校的饮食环境，从而改善儿童的饮食质量和整体健康状况。研究结果也与越来越多的研究一致，这些研究表明学校食物环境的变化对学生食物和营养摄入量的影响。虽然减少不健康食品对学校食品环境产生了积极的变化，但健康选择方面的不足可能表明，在学生可以轻松获得健康选择的情况下，需要进行更全面的干预。结果表明，2007年的学生超过了报告食用少于3份LNDF的可能性是2001/02年度的两倍（OR = 2.14 [95％CI 1.63，2.83]）。调查年份也是学生是否达到CFG关于牛奶和替代品以及蔬菜和水果的建议的重要预测指标。与2001/02年度的学生相比，2007年接受调查的学生食用推荐量的牛奶和替代食品的可能性高1.3倍（p <0.05），食用蔬菜和水果的推荐食品的可能性高1.5倍。

著录项

  • 作者

    Mullally, Megan.;

  • 作者单位

    University of Prince Edward Island (Canada).;

  • 授予单位 University of Prince Edward Island (Canada).;
  • 学科 Health Sciences Nutrition.;Health Sciences Public Health.;Education Health.
  • 学位 M.A.H.S.R.
  • 年度 2008
  • 页码 102 p.
  • 总页数 102
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

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