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From Noble Savage to colonial subject: Tahiti in eighteenth-century French literature

机译：从贵族野蛮到殖民地主题：18世纪法国文学中的大溪地

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This dissertation looks at the birth, evolution, and endurance of the theme of Tahiti as it unfolded in eighteenth-century French literature following the first European-Polynesian encounters. By drawing on both post-colonial theory and Enlightenment studies, I analyze how literary supplements inspired by the travel accounts that Bougainville and Cook brought back from the South Seas came to shape the enduring idea of Tahiti as earthly paradise in the French imaginaire. I show how these works signal the emergence of new literary techniques in writings about the Other, mirroring the evolution of an idea from anti-colonial, primitivist admiration of the Noble Savage in the 1770s to the proselytization of Enlightenment ideals in the actual colonization of Tahiti in the 1790s.;In my first chapter, I examine the origins of the myth of the Great Southern Land and its impact on pre-Enlightenment thought, literature, and colonial ventures. I focus on the Histoire des Sevarambes by Denis Veiras (1635-1683), to show how French geographical, ideological and literary parallel discourses fostered the cultural environment that came to govern the experience of actual encounters, such as Bougainville's ten-day call at Tahiti in 1769.;Such an encounter, and its retelling in best-selling travel accounts, was soon overshadowed by literary supplements that covered a wide spectrum of genres and styles. These supplements not only created the images of bountiful nature, political utopia and sexual heaven that have come to determine our vision of Tahiti, they also challenged the conciliation between a sincere anti-colonial discourse and an equally sincere faith in the universalism of Enlightenment ideals. In chapters two through four, I bring to light works of various genres that have attracted little critical attention until now: Nicolas Bricaire de la Dixmerie's essay Le Sauvage de Taiti aux Francais (1770); Marie Josephine de Monbart's epistolary novel Les Lettres Taitiennes (1786); and Abbe Guillaume-Andre-Rene Baston's epic novel Les Narrations d'Omai (1790). I present a full portrait of the Tahitian Noble Savage as created by the French Enlightenment and show how it offered the perfect crucible for a reflection on nature, gender, and civilization, and how the Tahitian native became the perfect candidate for a new European experimentation with colonialism---a mission civilisatrice born out of Enlightenment ideals.

机译：本论文着眼于大溪地主题的诞生，演变和耐力，因为它是在18世纪的法国文学中首次出现在欧洲和波利尼西亚人的相遇之后。通过借鉴后殖民理论和启蒙运动研究，我分析了九重葛和库克从南海带回的旅行账目所激发的文学增补如何塑造了大溪地经久不衰的观念，成为法国想象中的人间天堂。我展示了这些作品如何在有关他者的著作中预示着新的文学技术的出现，反映了一个思想的演变，从1770年代的反殖民，原始主义者对贵族野蛮人的钦佩到在塔希提岛的实际殖民化中启蒙理想的普世化在1790年代。在我的第一章中，我考察了南方大国神话的起源及其对启蒙前思想，文学和殖民冒险的影响。我关注丹尼斯·维拉斯（Denis Veiras，1635-1683年）的《塞瓦兰布历史》，以说明法国的地理，思想和文学平行话语如何促进了文化环境，从而控制了实际遭遇的经历，例如布干维尔在塔希提岛进行的为期10天的通话1769年；这样的遭遇及其在畅销旅行帐户中的重演，很快就被覆盖各种流派和风格的文学补遗所掩盖。这些增补不仅创造了丰富的自然，政治乌托邦和性天堂的图像，这些图像决定了我们对大溪地的愿景，而且还挑战了真诚的反殖民话语与对诚意的启蒙理想的普遍信念之间的调和。在第二章至第四章中，我介绍了迄今为止很少引起关注的各种流派的作品：尼古拉斯·布里塞尔·德拉·迪克塞梅里（Nicolas Bricaire de la Dixmerie）的论文《乐在泰瓦·泰蒂·奥·法兰西（Le Sauvage de Taiti aux Francais）》（1770年）；玛丽·约瑟芬·德·蒙巴特（Marie Josephine de Monbart）的书信小说《 Les Lettres Taitiennes》（1786年）；以及阿贝·纪尧姆·安德烈·雷恩·巴斯顿（Abbe Guillaume-Andre-Rene Baston）的史诗小说《 Le Narrations d'Omai》（1790年）。我展示了法国启蒙运动创作的大溪地贵族野人的完整肖像，并展示了它如何提供完美的坩埚来反映自然，性别和文明，以及大溪地人如何成为欧洲新实验的理想人选殖民主义-出于启蒙理想而诞生的公民使命。

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作者
Marcellesi, Laure M.;
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Yale University.;

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授予单位 Yale University.;
学科 Romance literature.
学位 Ph.D.
年度 2008
页码 268 p.
总页数 268
原文格式 PDF
正文语种 eng
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From Noble Savage to colonial subject: Tahiti in eighteenth-century French literature

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