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Investigating plate boundary zone deformation with geodetic GPS and modeling studies: A story of two ridges.

机译：用大地测量GPS研究板块边界带变形和建模研究：两个脊的故事。

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摘要

The surface velocity field around plate boundaries and active faults contains information on a wide variety of processes and conditions, including the long-term fault slip rate, rheological properties of the crust and upper mantle and earthquake processes. Extracting this information requires not only high precision geodetic data, but also accurate models reflecting the critical properties of the crust and upper mantle, allowing us to relate the measurements (i.e., strain and strain rate) to the driving forces. The surface velocity field across two active plate boundaries was measured using high precision GPS geodesy and a combination of analytical elastic half-space models and numerical finite element modeling techniques were used to estimate lithospheric and fault parameters.; The surface velocity field and modeling results for southern Iceland indicate that this divergent plate boundary has a complex pattern of strain accumulation due to its propagating nature. Strain accumulation is partitioned between the Western and Eastern Volcanic zones, whereby the spreading rate increases and decreases to the southwest, respectively.; The surface velocity field and modeling results for the Central America, indicate that collision of the aseismic Cocos Ridge results in high degrees of coupling along the plate boundary. Strain is distributed in the upper plate across the forearc and back arc, resulting in terrane migration away from, and orogeny and subduction polarity reversal inboard of the rigid indenter.
机译：板块边界和活动断层周围的表面速度场包含有关各种过程和条件的信息，包括长期断层滑动率，地壳和上地幔的流变性质以及地震过程。提取这些信息不仅需要高精度的大地测量数据，还需要反映地壳和上地幔关键特性的精确模型，从而使我们能够将测量值（即应变和应变率）与驱动力相关联。使用高精度GPS大地测量测量了两个活动板块边界上的表面速度场，并结合了分析弹性半空间模型和数值有限元建模技术来估计岩石圈和断层参数。冰岛南部的表面速度场和模拟结果表明，这种发散的板块边界由于其传播性质而具有复杂的应变累积模式。应变积累被划分在西部和东部的火山带之间，从而扩展率分别增加和减少到西南。中美洲的表面速度场和模拟结果表明，抗震的Cocos Ridge碰撞导致沿板块边界的高度耦合。应变在前板和前弧之间分布在上板中，导致地层从刚性压头的内侧移开，造山运动和俯冲极性反转。

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