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Spanish Orientalism: Washington Irving and the romance of the Moors.

机译：西班牙东方主义：华盛顿·欧文和摩尔人的浪漫。

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摘要

Edward Said's description of Orientalism as a constitutive element of the modern West is one of the enduring concepts of cultural history. The Orientalism thesis begins with the observation that in the 19th century Westerners began describing the "Orient," particularly the Middle East and India, as a place that was once gloriously civilized but had declined under the influence of incompetent Islamic governments. This construction was then employed to justify Western Imperialism and the expansion of Christianity into Asia.;This dissertation examines a case of Orientalism with a twist. Between 1775 and 1830 a group of Anglophone writers and artists depicted Spain as a state with a cultural trajectory similar to that described by the Orientalists. But in the Spanish case, the glorious past was the age of the Islamic Moors who had ruled parts of the Iberian Peninsula from 700 until 1492, while the current Christian rulers were the backwards and religiously intolerant impediments to progress. Thus the case of Spanish Orientalism employs an argument structurally identical to Said's Orientalism, with the role of the Christians and Muslims reversed.;In examining this phenomenon, I focus on three particular issues. The first is the representation of the Moors in early modern European popular culture. I argue that these earlier traditions use the Moors as an emblematic manifestation of oppositionality to the centralizing state and elite authority. The romantics found in the Moors a symbol comparable to such other proto-Europeans as the Celts and the Goths, worthy predecessors to the warlike, chivalric, and liberty-loving modern Europeans. The second is the political context of Spanish Orientalism. Like "classical" Orientalism, Spanish Orientalism had a clear political payoff. Its articulators meant to show that the Spanish government was an unworthy steward of its rapidly disintegrating empire, thus Spanish Orientalism is closely associated with attempts to assert Anglophone authority in the Caribbean. Third, I examine in detail the work of the author most clearly associated with Spanish Orientalism, Washington Irving. In the four books he wrote while in Spain during the 1820s, Irving became the individual most responsible for reframing the long representational tradition of the Moors into a modern idiom and bringing it to a mass audience.;INDEX WORDS: Orientalism, Washington Irving, Alexander Hill Everett, Spanish-American diplomatic relations, Romanticism, The Moors, Early modern popular culture.
机译：爱德华·赛义德（Edward Said）将东方主义描述为现代西方的构成要素，这是文化历史中持久的概念之一。东方学说始于19世纪的观察，西方人开始将“东方”，尤其是中东和印度描述为一个曾经光荣文明的地方，但在无能的伊斯兰政府的影响下逐渐衰落。然后，这种结构被用来证明西方帝国主义和基督教向亚洲扩展的正当性。在1775年至1830年之间，一群英语作家和艺术家将西班牙描述为一个拥有类似东方主义者所描述的文化轨迹的州。但是在西班牙的情况下，辉煌的过去是伊斯兰摩尔人的时代，伊斯兰摩尔人从700年一直统治伊比利亚半岛直到1492年，而现任的基督教统治者则是进步的倒退和宗教上不容忍的障碍。因此，西班牙东方主义的案例在结构上与赛义德的东方主义相同，而基督教徒和穆斯林的角色则相反。在研究这种现象时，我主要关注三个特定问题。首先是摩尔人在欧洲现代早期流行文化中的代表。我认为这些较早的传统将摩尔人作为对中央集权国家和精英权威的对立象征性体现。在摩尔人中发现的浪漫主义者是可与凯尔特人和哥特人等其他原始欧洲人相提并论的象征，是好战，勇敢，热爱自由的现代欧洲人的宝贵前身。第二个是西班牙东方主义的政治背景。像“古典”东方主义一样，西班牙东方主义具有明显的政治收益。它的口头表达是要表明西班牙政府是其迅速瓦解的帝国的不值得的管家，因此西班牙东方主义与主张加勒比海英语国家权威的尝试紧密相关。第三，我详细研究了作者最清楚地与西班牙东方主义华盛顿·欧文有关的作品。在1820年代他在西班牙期间写的四本书中，欧文成为将摩尔人悠久的代表传统重新定义为现代习语并将其带给大众的最负责任的人。索引词：东方主义，华盛顿·欧文，亚历山大希尔·埃弗里特（Hill Everett），美籍西班牙人的外交关系，浪漫主义，摩尔人，早期的现代大众文化。

著录项

  • 作者

    Stevens, Michael S.;

  • 作者单位

    Georgia State University.;

  • 授予单位 Georgia State University.;
  • 学科 History Latin American.;Literature American.;History United States.;History Modern.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2007
  • 页码 352 p.
  • 总页数 352
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 拉丁美洲;美洲史;现代史（1917年~）;
  • 关键词

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