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A systems engineering approach to a methodology and mathematical model for identifying the most critical links of highway systems.

机译：一种用于确定公路系统最关键环节的方法和数学模型的系统工程方法。

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摘要

In today's world, systems are more complex and interconnected with each other than ever before. The United States (US) 13 Critical Infrastructures (CIs) is one example of such a system that consists of elements such as energy, finance, government, water, and transportation. These systems, in addition to being extremely complex, are also highly interconnected and are in a continuous state of change.; This research focuses on the transportation infrastructure and specifically on highway systems. Using a systems engineering (SE) approach, a methodology and mathematical model was developed for analyzing the US highway systems to determine the critical links, i.e., those highway segments that if disrupted would have the severest effect on highway system performance. The motivation of this research was the need to identify efficiently and effectively the critical links of a highway.; The Statement of Need (SoN) formulated is to be able to find the most critical links of a highway system. The associated requirements include (1) finding the most critical link 100% of the time, (2) finding the top 10% critical links 50% of the time, and (3) finding them in a specified time. As a result, three benefits emerged from this research. The first benefit is that decision makers (DMs) could use the methodology and model to identify the critical links for analyzing the effects of unavailable highway links due to natural or manmade events. Natural events include floods, storms, hurricanes, and earthquakes. Manmade events range from accidents to terrorist acts. The second benefit is that the methodology and model is simple to use such that individuals with basic computer skills could use it. This enables DMs and analysts as well to perform highway analysis and planning from a systems' perspective. The third and most important benefit is that this methodology and model shows that the SE process is vital for highway planning and analysis. It demonstrates that this type of approach is necessary to determine the genuine effects that a disrupted highway link has on the highway system.; My original contribution to the body of knowledge for analyzing the transportation infrastructure is the use of a SE approach. The foundation of the SE approach is a methodology and mathematical model to identify the most critical links of a highway system. This is useful for highway planning and analysis purposes. For design planners and highway traffic managers, this tool allows them to take steps necessary to identify and reduce disruptions at important highway links. This in turn helps to ensure the continuous flow of traffic and the effective use contingency resources to optimize traffic flow as well.; The second aspect of my contribution to analyzing highway infrastructures is development of an assessment tool, methodology and mathematical model, more efficient and less resource intensive than current computer simulation tools. Individuals with analytical skills can use this tool for highway analysis without having to invest resources to purchase high-end computers and simulation models. In addition, this tool could be used to analyze simple to complex highway systems.
机译：在当今世界，系统比以往任何时候都更加复杂和相互连接。美国（US）13关键基础设施（CI）是这种系统的一个示例，该系统由能源，金融，政府，水和交通等要素组成。这些系统除了非常复杂之外，还高度互连并且处于不断变化的状态。这项研究专注于交通基础设施，尤其是高速公路系统。使用系统工程（SE）方法，开发了一种用于分析美国高速公路系统以确定关键环节的方法和数学模型，这些关键环节即那些被中断将对高速公路系统性能产生最严重影响的高速公路路段。这项研究的动机是需要有效地识别高速公路的关键环节。制定的需求声明（SoN）是为了能够找到高速公路系统中最关键的环节。相关的要求包括（1）在100％的时间内找到最关键的链接，（2）在50％的时间内找到最重要的10％关键链接，以及（3）在指定的时间内找到它们。结果，这项研究产生了三个好处。第一个好处是决策者（DM）可以使用该方法和模型来识别关键链接，以分析由于自然或人为事件而导致的不可用公路链接的影响。自然事件包括洪水，风暴，飓风和地震。人为事件范围从事故到恐怖行为。第二个好处是该方法和模型易于使用，因此具有基本计算机技能的个人可以使用它。这使得DM和分析人员也可以从系统角度执行高速公路分析和规划。第三个也是最重要的好处是，这种方法和模型表明SE过程对于公路规划和分析至关重要。它表明，这种方法对于确定中断的高速公路连接对高速公路系统的真正影响是必要的。我对用于分析运输基础设施的知识体系的最初贡献是使用SE方法。 SE方法的基础是确定高速公路系统最关键环节的方法和数学模型。这对于公路规划和分析目的很有用。对于设计规划人员和高速公路交通管理人员来说，此工具使他们能够采取必要的步骤，以识别并减少重要高速公路连接处的干扰。反过来，这有助于确保流量的连续流动以及有效地使用应急资源来优化流量。我对高速公路基础设施进行分析的第二个方面是开发了一种评估工具，方法论和数学模型，它比当前的计算机模拟工具更有效，资源占用更少。具有分析技能的个人可以使用此工具进行公路分析，而无需投入资源购买高端计算机和仿真模型。此外，该工具还可用于分析简单到复杂的高速公路系统。

著录项

  • 作者

    Ibarra, Gerardo.;

  • 作者单位

    Southern Methodist University.$bEngineering Management, Information and Systems.;

  • 授予单位 Southern Methodist University.$bEngineering Management, Information and Systems.;
  • 学科 Transportation.; Engineering System Science.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2007
  • 页码 290 p.
  • 总页数 290
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 综合运输;系统科学;
  • 关键词

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