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首页> 外文学位 >Hard Science Linguistics and nonverbal communicative behaviors: Implications for the real world study and teaching of human communication.
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Hard Science Linguistics and nonverbal communicative behaviors: Implications for the real world study and teaching of human communication.

机译：硬科学语言学和非语言交流行为：对现实世界中人类交流的研究和教学的启示。

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This thesis incorporates a study that shows a relationship between verbal and nonverbal behaviors and the outcome of a communicative event. This study was conducted by observing the communicative behaviors that potential customers exhibited after they were offered a free sample. The societal norm of reciprocity states that people who receive gifts (such as free samples) are likely to express obligatory feelings to the gift-giver (Spradly 2000). However, it was demonstrated by El-Alayli and Messe (2003) that people who receive a gift may feel that their social freedom is challenged and choose not to respond.; The study shows that although the majority of people accept a free sample, they are not likely to reciprocate; and responses that are traditionally assumed to show acceptance can actually refer to denial or rejection when one observes nonverbal responses. For example, ten percent of the time when the responses of "sure", "yeah" or "okay" were spoken by a customer after a free sample was offered, he/she did not accept the sample. Four percent of the time when the customer said "thanks" or "thank you", he/she also did not take the sample.; The outcomes of this study coincide with Hard Science Linguistics that values human communication as being comprised of all observable behaviors in real world situations. Nonverbal behaviors are important to analyze because they do not depend on the properties of the researcher to be observed. Furthermore, articulations that are traditionally viewed as positive acceptance (such as "thanks", "thank you", "sure", "yeah" or "okay") can actually be part of a denial or rejection of an offer when analyzed in combination with nonverbal responses. Evaluations of the cultural and pragmatic circumstances surrounding an event directly reflect the behaviors of potential customers when they were offered a free sample. When teaching communication, one must take into account verbal and nonverbal behaviors of the native setting in relation to the overall context or purpose of the communicative event.
机译：本文结合了一项研究，该研究显示了言语和非言语行为与交际事件的结果之间的关系。这项研究是通过观察潜在客户获得免费样品后表现出的交流行为来进行的。互惠的社会规范规定，收到礼物（例如免费样品）的人可能会对礼物赠送者表达强制性的情感（Spradly 2000）。但是，El-Alayli和Messe（2003）证明，收到礼物的人可能会感到自己的社会自由受到了挑战，因此选择不回应。研究表明，尽管大多数人都接受免费样品，但他们不太可能往返。当人们观察到非语言反应时，传统上被假定显示为接受的反应实际上可以指拒绝或拒绝。例如，在提供免费样品后，客户说出“确定”，“是”或“还可以”的答复的百分比在10％的时间内，他/她不接受该样品。当客户说“谢谢”或“谢谢”时，有百分之四的时间他/她也没有取样。这项研究的结果与“硬科学语言学”相吻合，“硬科学语言学”认为人类交流是由现实世界中所有可观察到的行为组成的。非语言行为对于分析很重要，因为它们不依赖于要观察的研究人员的属性。此外，在传统上被视为积极接受的表达（例如“谢谢”，“谢谢”，“确定”，“是”或“还可以”）实际上可以被拒绝或拒绝。非言语回应。对事件周围文化和实用环境的评估直接反映了向潜在客户提供免费样品时的行为。在教授交流时，必须考虑与交流事件的整体情境或目的相关的母语环境的言语和非言语行为。

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