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Influence of the chicken major histocompatibility complex on the pathogenesis of bacterial skeletal disease, chicken infectious anemia and infectious bronchitis.

机译：鸡主要组织相容性复合物对细菌性骨骼疾病，鸡传染性贫血和传染性支气管炎的发病机理的影响。

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摘要

Genetic resistance to several poultry pathogens has been unequivocally linked to the major histocompatibility B complex (MHC). Relatively few MHC association studies have been conducted during natural disease outbreaks, or in commercial chickens. Specific objectives during this three-part investigation were to identify potential MHC influence on the development of naturally occurring bacterial skeletal disease in a commercial flock of broiler breeders, characterize the pathogenesis of experimental chicken infectious anemia in commercial broiler breeder chickens selected for specific MHC genotypes, and evaluate potential MHC association with response to infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) in commercial leghorn chickens possessing select MHC genotypes.; Bacterial osteomyelitis and tenosynovitis, primarily caused by Staphylococcus spp., were observed with increased frequency in a line of commercial broilers expressing B A4/A4 (equivalent to standard B21) and B A12/A12 MHC genotypes by comparison with 14 other genotypes in the flock. Previous studies have shown that the B A4 haplotype is relatively susceptible to Escherichia coli induced cellulitis. These findings are suggestive that the B A4 haplotype may be linked to increased susceptibility to bacterial disease.; The pathogenesis of chicken infectious anemia virus (CAV) was examined in the same line of commercial broilers using chickens with select MHC genotypes. Differences in clinical and pathologic lesions were not observed in 2 week old, orally inoculated chickens or between MHC genotypes. However, differences in seroconversion and CAV genomes per cell were detected in birds expressing B A9/A9 and B A9/A4 MHC genotypes. These findings suggest that certain MHC genotypes may influence CAV infection; however additional studies are needed to better define the interaction of CAV with the broiler MHC.; Infectious bronchitis disease progression was evaluated following challenge in vaccinated commercial white leghorn chickens with the B 2/15 and B 2/21 MHC genotypes. The incidence of clinical disease and the frequency of IBV-specific IgA detection in tears were higher in B 2/21 genotype birds. Differences between genotypes were discrete, suggesting that IB susceptibility might be associated with MHC genotype.; Collectively, the findings presented in this dissertation indicate that identifying candidate genes and characterizing MHC associations with other diseases may elucidate specific immune mechanisms involved in responses to certain pathogens. Further insight may be gained into the immunopathogenesis of several human diseases caused by related pathogens.
机译：对几种家禽病原体的遗传抗性已经明确地与主要组织相容性B复合物（MHC）相关联。在自然疾病暴发期间或在商业鸡中进行的MHC关联研究相对较少。这项由三部分组成的调查过程中的具体目标是，确定商品肉鸡种鸡群中MHC对自然发生的细菌骨骼疾病的发展的潜在影响，表征为特定MHC基因型选择的商品肉鸡种鸡的实验鸡传染性贫血的发病机理，并评估具有某些MHC基因型的商品来亨鸡的潜在MHC与传染性支气管炎病毒（IBV）的反应。在鸡群中表达BA 4 / A4（相当于标准B21）和BA12 / A12 MHC基因型的商品肉鸡中，主要由葡萄球菌引起的细菌性骨髓炎和腱鞘炎的发生频率与鸡群中其他14种基因型相比更高。先前的研究表明，BA 4单倍型相对容易受大肠杆菌诱导的蜂窝组织炎的影响。这些发现表明，BA 4单倍型可能与细菌性疾病易感性增加有关。鸡传染性贫血病毒（CAV）的发病机制在同一行商品肉鸡中使用选择的MHC基因型鸡进行了检查。在2周龄，经口接种的鸡中或MHC基因型之间未观察到临床和病理病变的差异。但是，在表达BA 9 / A9和BA9 / A4 MHC基因型的鸟类中，每个细胞的血清转化和CAV基因组存在差异。这些发现表明某些MHC基因型可能影响CAV感染。然而，还需要进一步的研究来更好地确定CAV与肉鸡MHC的相互作用。在接种了具有B 2/15和B 2/21 MHC基因型的市售白色来亨鸡疫苗后，评估了传染性支气管炎的病情发展。 B 2/21基因型鸟的眼泪中临床疾病的发生率和IBV特异性IgA检测的频率较高。基因型之间的差异是离散的，表明IB易感性可能与MHC基因型有关。总体而言，本文提出的发现表明，鉴定候选基因并表征MHC与其他疾病的关联可能阐明了对某些病原体反应所涉及的特定免疫机制。可以进一步了解由相关病原体引起的几种人类疾病的免疫发病机理。

著录项

  • 作者

    Joiner, Kellye Sue.;

  • 作者单位

    Auburn University.;

  • 授予单位 Auburn University.;
  • 学科 Biology Microbiology.; Agriculture Animal Pathology.; Health Sciences Pathology.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2006
  • 页码 130 p.
  • 总页数 130
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 微生物学;动物医学（兽医学）;病理学;
  • 关键词

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