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首页> 外文学位 >Experimental infection of necrotizing hepatopancreatitis bacterium (NHPB) in Kona stock Litopenaeus vannamei (Pacific white shrimp).
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Experimental infection of necrotizing hepatopancreatitis bacterium (NHPB) in Kona stock Litopenaeus vannamei (Pacific white shrimp).

机译：实验性感染坏死性肝胰腺炎细菌（NHPB）在科纳种群南美白对虾（太平洋白虾）中。

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摘要

Necrotizing hepatopancreatitis (NHP) is a severe disease of the Pacific white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei that produces up to 95% mortality in shrimp ponds. The NHP-bacterium (NHPB) is a gram-negative, pleomorphic, obligate intracellular alpha-proteobacterium that infects hepatopancreatic epithelial cells. Although NHPB remains unculturable in vitro, in vivo cultivation in L. vannamei produced infective material for use in experimental infections.; Mortality in NHPB-infected shrimp ranged from 16 to 56 d post-exposure with a median survival time of 34 d. Associated pathology increased with progressive stage of NHP disease and with increased pathogen load. Over the course of infection, bacterial load ranged from 103 to 107 copies mg-1 in hepatopancreas and from 101 to 105 mg-1 in feces; whereas, lethal NHPB load ranged from 107 to 108 copies mg-1 hepatopancreas and 106 to 107 copies mg -1 feces as determined through real-time PCR.; Transmission of NHPB to susceptible shrimp occurred by cannibalism of dead infected shrimp (mean betad = 0.62) but not through cohabitation with an acutely infected shrimp. Additionally, salinity did not appear to hinder NHPB transmission although mean betad was significantly higher at moderate salinity of 20 and 30‰ (betad ∼ 0.62) than at 10 or 40‰ (betad ∼ 0.22).; A mathematical epidemic model of NHPB dynamics in a theoretical, closed, shrimp population was developed. Host states of NHPB infection include susceptible, prepatent, acute, dead, and removed. Transitions between states are transmission from a dead host (betad = 0.62), patency (nu = 0.06), virulence (alpha = 0.08), and removal of infectious material. The NHPB epidemic model is similar to that of white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) due to an absence of a chronic or carrier state of infection that is observed in Taura syndrome virus (TSV) infection.; The evolution of increased virulence is predicted for NHPB and other pathogens of cultured organisms where transmission occurs exclusively from a dead host, i.e. cannibalism. This suggests that future disease problems in aquaculture may not only be caused by emerging pathogens but by new variants or mutants of existing pathogens evolving increased virulence.
机译：坏死性肝胰腺炎（NHP）是太平洋白虾凡纳滨对虾的一种严重疾病，在虾塘中死亡率高达95％。 NHP细菌（NHPB）是革兰氏阴性，多形，专性的细胞内α-变形杆菌，可感染肝胰腺上皮细胞。尽管NHPB在体外仍然不可培养，但是在南美白对虾中的体内培养产生了用于实验性感染的感染性物质。暴露后被NHPB感染的虾的死亡率为16至56 d，中位生存时间为34 d。相关的病理学随着NHP疾病的进展阶段和病原体负荷的增加而增加。在感染过程中，肝胰腺的细菌载量范围为103至107拷贝mg-1，粪便中的细菌载量范围为101至105 mg-1。通过实时PCR测定，致命的NHPB负荷范围为107至108拷贝mg-1肝胰腺和106至107拷贝mg -1粪便。 NHPB传播到易感虾的原因是死亡的被感染对虾的食人性（平均betad = 0.62），而不是与严重感染的对虾同居。另外，盐度似乎没有阻碍NHPB的传播，尽管在中等盐度20和30‰（β〜0.62）时平均βd明显高于10或40‰（β〜0.22）。建立了理论上封闭的虾种群中NHPB动态的数学流行病模型。 NHPB感染的寄主状态包括易感，感染，急性，死亡和已清除。状态之间的转换是从死宿主传播（betad = 0.62），通畅（nu = 0.06），毒力（alpha = 0.08）和除去感染性物质。 NHPB流行模型与白斑综合症病毒（WSSV）相似，因为不存在Taura综合症病毒（TSV）感染中所见的慢性或携带者感染状态。 NHPB和培养生物的其他病原体仅从死宿主传播，即自相残杀，可以预测到毒力会增强。这表明，水产养殖中未来的疾病问题不仅可能是由新出现的病原体引起的，而且还可能是由现有病原体的新变体或突变体演变而来的，这些新的变体或突变体会逐渐增加毒力。

著录项

  • 作者

    Vincent, Amanda Grey.;

  • 作者单位

    The University of Southern Mississippi.;

  • 授予单位 The University of Southern Mississippi.;
  • 学科 Agriculture Animal Pathology.; Agriculture Fisheries and Aquaculture.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2006
  • 页码 139 p.
  • 总页数 139
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 动物医学（兽医学）;水产、渔业;
  • 关键词

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