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首页> 外文学位 >Egalitarianism begins at home and in cohorts: Egalitarianism in United States public opinion, 1952--2000.
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Egalitarianism begins at home and in cohorts: Egalitarianism in United States public opinion, 1952--2000.

机译：平等主义始于国内和人群：美国公众舆论中的平等主义，1952--2000年。

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摘要

This dissertation investigates the mechanisms involved in the formation, maintenance and change in the level of egalitarianism in the United States public during the second half of the 20th Century. This is an important topic in the study of American politics because egalitarianism is a core value and core values structure the policy attitudes of a public that, according to research, for the most part, does not follow politics closely and is often ambivalent about the political questions of the day. The two theories tested are the elite leadership theory and group identification and interest theory. Elite leadership theory predicts that on types of egalitarianism about which elites agree such as racial and gender egalitarianism and equal opportunity, exposure to elite discourse as measured by education, media exposure and political knowledge should predict these types of egalitarianism and group identity and interest theory explains the level of egalitarianism on types of egalitarianism about which elites disagree, such as equality in general and economic egalitarianism.; In order to balance broad coverage in time and quality and quantity of indicators, data are drawn from two sources: the Youth Parents Political Socialization Panel Study and the American National Election Study Cumulative File. Because egalitarianism is a latent variable, data are analyzed by structural equation modeling.; I find that both elite discourse and group identities and interests predict both kinds of egalitarianism. However, the family is an intervening variable and is one of the two strongest influences on egalitarianism. The other is the cohort or age group. The baby boomers, who were socialized during the 1960s and early 1970s, are the most egalitarian followed by Generation X. The generation who grew up during the New Deal and World War II is the next most egalitarian. The Post-World War II-1950s generation and the pre-New Deal generation are the least egalitarian. I interpret the cohort effect as the interaction of age group and history.; Implications are that because I find robust bottom up formation of all types of egalitarianism, the concern over elite manipulation of the mass public to support policies against its interests is exaggerated, except on the issue of economic interests. Here, the evidence for group interest is meager. However, because egalitarianism is so stable, this renders democratic deliberation difficult where value conflict is implicated, although often there are choices as to which values can frame issues.
机译：本文研究了20世纪下半叶美国公众平等主义水平的形成，维持和改变所涉及的机制。这是美国政治研究中的一个重要主题，因为平等主义是一种核心价值观，而核心价值观构成了公众的政策态度，根据研究，这种态度在很大程度上并未紧跟政治，而且常常对政治持矛盾态度。当天的问题。检验的两个理论是精英领导理论和群体认同与利益理论。精英领导理论预测，在精英人士同意的平等主义类型上，例如种族和性别平等主义和机会均等，通过教育，媒体曝光和政治知识衡量的精英话语曝光应可预测这些类型的平等主义以及群体认同和利益理论解释精英不同意的平等主义类型的平等主义水平，例如一般平等主义和经济平等主义。为了在时间，指标的质量和数量上取得广泛的平衡，数据来自两个来源：青年父母政治社会化小组研究和美国全国选举研究累积档案。由于均等主义是一个潜在变量，因此通过结构方程模型分析数据。我发现，精英话语，群体身份和利益都预示着两种平等主义。但是，家庭是一个中间变量，并且是对平均主义的两个最强烈的影响之一。另一个是同类群组或年龄段。在1960年代和1970年代初期参加社交活动的婴儿潮一代是最平等的人，其次是X世代。在新政和第二次世界大战期间长大的一代是第二最平等的人。二战后的1950年代一代人和新政之前的一代人是最不平等的。我将队列效应解释为年龄组和历史的相互作用。言外之意是，因为我发现所有类型的平等主义都有自下而上的结实形式，因此，除了经济利益问题之外，人们对精英大众操纵精英以支持政策损害其利益的担忧被夸大了。在这里，团体利益的证据很少。但是，由于平均主义是如此稳定，这使得牵涉到价值冲突的民主审议变得困难，尽管通常会选择哪些价值观可以构成问题。

著录项

  • 作者

    Whitten, Jeffrey H.;

  • 作者单位

    University of Southern California.$bPolitical Science.;

  • 授予单位 University of Southern California.$bPolitical Science.;
  • 学科 Political Science General.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2007
  • 页码 231 p.
  • 总页数 231
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 政治理论;
  • 关键词

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