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Feeding practices in the neonatal intensive care unit: The transition to full oral feeding.

机译：新生儿重症监护室的喂养方法：过渡到完全口服喂养。

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摘要

The final milestone the preterm infant must achieve prior to discharge home is the ability to grow and gain weight while taking all feedings orally, via bottle or breast. The transition to full oral feedings can be problematic for the preterm infant due to immature neurodevelopment and difficulty maintaining physiologic homeostasis. The purpose of this research was to examine common practices among NICU nurses regarding oral feeding of the premature infant. This included nurses' opinions, daily practice, and documentation of bottle-feeding.;A national randomized sample of 268 NICU nurses participated in this study via mailed-out questionnaires. Twenty-three of these nurses participated in telephone interviews. Descriptive analysis was used to summarize key variables within the sample. Interviews and open-ended questions on the questionnaire were transcribed and analyzed qualitatively using grounded theory.;All of the nurses in this study stated that preterm infant behavioral signs of stress should be considered when rating the success of bottle-feeding; slightly less than half of the nurses reported that they routinely document feeding-induced stress Most of the nurses in this study reported that they document feeding on the 24-hour flowsheet. Half of nursing flowsheets contained space to document how the feeding was "tolerated" using broad categories such as "poor," "fair," or "well." Only 16% of flowsheets contained space for documenting infant feeding behaviors.;Use of the term "tolerated" resulted in ambiguity in relation to bottle-feeding. Nurses' suggested that documentation of feeding should be: (a) more thorough, (b) easier, (c) readily accessible to other providers, and (d) in the form of a checklist to reinforce attention to infant feeding behaviors.;Using a checklist on the flowsheet to document nursing interventions as well as the infant's nippling performance is a potential improvement of the traditional feeding plan. Documentation that is an accurate reflection of preterm infant performance and the support that was provided by the feeder could promote the transition to full oral feedings. This potentially could result in earlier discharge from the hospital with a subsequent reduction in healthcare costs.
机译：早产儿在出院回家之前必须达到的最后一个里程碑是在通过奶瓶或母乳进行口服所有喂养的同时，其成长和增重的能力。由于神经发育不成熟和难以维持生理动态平衡，对于早产儿而言，过渡为完全口服喂养可能会出现问题。这项研究的目的是检查新生儿重症监护病房（NICU）护士在喂养早产婴儿方面的常见做法。这包括护士的意见，日常操作和奶瓶喂养的文档。全国268名重症监护病房护士的随机样本通过邮寄调查表参加了这项研究。这些护士中有23名参加了电话采访。描述性分析用于总结样本中的关键变量。使用扎根理论对访谈和不限成员名额的问题进行转录和定性分析。本研究的所有护士均表示，在评估奶瓶喂养的成功率时应考虑早产儿的应激行为迹象；略少于一半的护士报告说，他们常规记录了进食引起的压力。本研究中的大多数护士报告说，他们在24小时流程图中记录了进食。一半的护理流程图包含空间，用于记录使用“差”，“一般”或“好”等广泛类别如何“容忍”喂食。仅16％的流程图包含用于记录婴儿喂养行为的空间。；使用“宽容”一词导致与奶瓶喂养有关的歧义。护士建议喂养的文件应：（a）更彻底，（b）更简便，（c）其他提供者易于获取，以及（d）以检查表的形式来增强对婴儿喂养行为的关注。流程图上的清单以记录护理干预措施以及婴儿的乳头表现是对传统喂养计划的潜在改进。能够准确反映早产儿表现的文件以及由喂食器提供的支持可以促进向完全口服喂食的过渡。这有可能导致医院提早出院，从而降低医疗费用。

著录项

  • 作者

    Cowen, Laura J.;

  • 作者单位

    The Claremont Graduate University.;

  • 授予单位 The Claremont Graduate University.;
  • 学科 Health Sciences Nursing.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2006
  • 页码 183 p.
  • 总页数 183
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

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