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The impact of social context on the conceptualization of sexual orientation: A construct validity investigation.

机译：社会情境对性取向概念化的影响：建构效度调查。

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摘要

Despite the volume of research and theory addressing the definition of sexual orientation, there has never been a widely accepted consensus on how the construct of sexual orientation should be defined. When assessing sexual orientation to assign individuals to different cohorts, the vast majority of researchers do so with the essentialist assumption that whatever components they use to define and measure sexual orientation (a) are valid, and (b) mean the same thing to all individuals despite variations in social context. This approach is questionable because, while certain components have been hypothesized to be part of the construct, the accuracy of these components has never been tested for construct validity among different sexual orientation communities. The most common method of assessing sexual orientation for research is through self-reported label (Chung & Katayama, 1996), which has received some support as a valid measure (Weinrich, 1993). The purpose of the present study was to examine sexual orientation constructs used by the academic community for construct validity among individuals in heterosexual, lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgendered (LGBT), and academic (expert) communities. The second purpose was to examine personal identification with components of sexual orientation for comparability with self-reported label, as obtained in the Demographics section. The results of this study indicated that significant differences in socially constructed meaning existed for 11 of the 14 examined components: Sexual Behavior, Fantasy, Social Preference, Relationship Status, Sexual Orientation Identity Acceptance, Gender Identity, Sex Role Identity, Social Context, Sociocultural experiences, and Biology. The data suggested that only Self-Identified Sexual Orientation Label, Emotional Preference, and Time maintained their meaning and value across sexual orientation, sex, and expert versus layperson communities. Sexual Attraction was rated as most important in conceptualizing sexual orientation by every cohort, although significant differences in these ratings across groups were present.;In particular, the expert sample rated the components of Attraction, Sexual Orientation Self-Identification, Fantasy, and Emotional Preference as most important in conceptualizing sexual orientation, whereas the LGBT group rated Attraction, Emotional Preference, Sexual Orientation Self-Identification, and Sexual Orientation Identity Acceptance as most important, and the heterosexual sample rated Attraction, Sexual Orientation Identity Acceptance, Behavior, Gender Identity, and Sexual Orientation Self-Identification as the most important. Ratings of components were also analyzed by sexual orientation group (homosexual, bisexual, and heterosexual), sex (male, female, and transgendered), and sex-by-sexual orientation, where some data emerged indicating significant differences in the conceptualization of sexual orientation by these social contexts as well.;Finally, in support of the proposed hypothesis, personal identification with the examined components in this study corresponded strongly with each component, and with overall 'profile' scores (averages), of every examined cohort.;The present study provides some evidence that social context does play a role in the social construction of sexual orientation. It also provides support for self-reported Self-Identified Sexual Orientation label as an accurate measure for grouping participants into sexual orientation cohorts for research purposes. Implications of these findings for counseling psychology and future research are discussed.
机译：尽管有大量研究和理论针对性取向的定义，但对于如何定义性取向的构架一直没有被广泛接受的共识。在评估性倾向以将个体分配到不同的人群时，绝大多数研究人员都是在本质论假设下这样做的，即他们用来定义和衡量性倾向的任何成分（a）都是有效的，并且（b）对所有个体都意味着相同的事物尽管社会背景不同。这种方法是有问题的，因为尽管某些成分被假定为构成的一部分，但从未对这些成分的准确性进行过不同性取向社区之间的构成有效性的测试。评估研究中的性取向的最常见方法是通过自我报告的标签（Chung＆Katayama，1996），该标签已得到了一些有效的支持（Weinrich，1993）。本研究的目的是研究学术界用来在异性恋，女同性恋，男同性恋，双性恋和变性者（LGBT）和学术（专家）社区的个人中进行性取向建构的性取向建构。第二个目的是检查具有性取向成分的个人标识，以与自我报告的标签进行比较，如“人口统计”部分所述。这项研究的结果表明，在所检查的14个组成部分中，有11个在社会建构意义上存在显着差异：性行为，幻想，社会偏好，关系状况，性取向认同接受，性别认同，性别角色认同，社会背景，社会文化经历和生物学。数据表明，只有自我识别的性取向标签，情感偏好和时间在性取向，性别，专家与非专业人士社区中保持其含义和价值。尽管每个群体的性评级都存在显着差异，但性吸引力在每个队列中都被认为是最重要的概念化性取向;特别是，专家样本对吸引力，性取向自我认同，幻想和情感偏好的成分进行了评估在将性取向概念化方面最重要，而LGBT小组将吸引力，情感偏好，性取向自我认同和性取向认同接受视为最重要，而异性恋样本则将吸引力，性取向认同接受，行为，性别认同，和性取向自我认同是最重要的。还按性取向小组（同性恋，双性恋和异性恋），性别（男性，女性和变性者）和逐性别取向分析了成分的等级，其中出现了一些数据，表明性取向的概念存在显着差异最后，为了支持所提出的假设，本研究中被检查成分的个人认同与每个被调查群组的每个成分以及总体“概况”得分（平均值）都高度对应。本研究提供了一些证据，表明社会背景确实在性取向的社会建构中起作用。它还为自我报告的自我识别的性取向标签提供了支持，这是将参与者分为研究性取向人群的一种准确方法。讨论了这些发现对心理咨询和未来研究的意义。

著录项

  • 作者

    Tannenbaum, Ilana J.;

  • 作者单位

    The Ohio State University.;

  • 授予单位 The Ohio State University.;
  • 学科 Behavioral psychology.;Developmental psychology.;Social psychology.;Gender studies.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2006
  • 页码 176 p.
  • 总页数 176
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

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