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Women's initiation of a more physically active lifestyle after a cardiac event: Processes, patterns and influences.

机译：妇女在发生心脏事件后开始更积极的体育锻炼：过程，方式和影响。

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摘要

In the U.S., coronary heart disease is the leading cause of death and disability in women over the age of 50. Increasing physical activity is a major component of cardiac rehabilitation programs: but physical activity behaviors decline dramatically during the months following a cardiac event, especially for women. Little is known about the processes of women's adoption of a more physically active lifestyle or the factors involved. Therefore, the purpose of this dissertation was to describe and explore, for women participating in a 12 week formal, Phase II CR program, intra-individual patterns of change in the processes of recovery, specifically in adopting increased levels of physical activity.; The first article provides an integrative review and critique of the current research examining self-efficacy and physical activity behaviors in older women and women with CHD. The literature is characterized by a limited number of women in the studies of individuals with CHD, a reliance on self-reports for the measurement of behavior, and a limited assessment of the process of health behavior change.; The second article presents the results from the study of 20 women who were followed during their 12 weeks of participation in a program of cardiac rehabilitation. At baseline, 4, 8, and 12 weeks, the women completed measures of physical activity (pedometer) and a variety of psychosocial and behavioral assessments. Findings indicated that most (80%) women's physical activity declined during the last month of rehabilitation. Self-efficacy expectations for walking and for overcoming barriers to physical activity also declined during the last month of rehabilitation. Most women reported being neutral about goal setting activities, indicating that goal setting was not an important behavior change strategy. Implications for clinical practice and future directions for research are suggested.; The third article discusses the findings related to social comparisons (comparing one's situation and behaviors to others) gathered from a questionnaire and open-ended interviews. Social comparisons did not seem to be a major psychosocial factor in adjusting to heart disease or in increasing physical activity levels. Rather, women relied on feedback and input from their physicians and from the exercise staff for gauging their progress.
机译：在美国，冠心病是50岁以上女性死亡和残疾的主要原因。增加体育锻炼是心脏康复计划的主要内容：但是，在发生心脏事件后的几个月中，体育锻炼的行为急剧下降，尤其是女用。对于女性采取更积极运动的生活方式的过程或相关因素知之甚少。因此，本论文的目的是为参加为期12周的正式II期CR计划的妇女描述和探索康复过程中个体内部的变化模式，特别是在增加运动量方面。第一篇文章对目前研究老年妇女和冠心病女性的自我效能和体育锻炼行为的研究进行了综合回顾和评论。文献的特征是，在患有冠心病的个体研究中，妇女人数有限，对行为测量依赖自我报告以及对健康行为变化过程的评估有限。第二篇文章介绍了对20名妇女的研究结果，这些妇女在参加心脏康复计划的12周中受到了跟踪。在基线期的第4、8和12周，这些妇女完成了身体活动的测量（计步器）以及各种社会心理和行为评估。研究结果表明，大多数（80％）妇女的身体活动在康复的最后一个月期间下降。在康复的最后一个月，步行和克服身体活动障碍的自我效能期望也下降了。大多数妇女报告对目标设定活动持中立态度，表明目标设定不是重要的行为改变策略。建议对临床实践和未来研究方向有影响。第三篇文章讨论了通过问卷调查和不限成员名额访谈收集的与社会比较（将一个人的处境和行为与他人进行比较）相关的发现。社会比较似乎并不是适应心脏病或增加体力活动水平的主要社会心理因素。相反，妇女依靠她们的医生和健身人员的反馈和意见来衡量她们的进步。

著录项

  • 作者

    Lunsford, Valerie Hoey.;

  • 作者单位

    The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill.;

  • 授予单位 The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill.;
  • 学科 Health Sciences Nursing.; Health Sciences Rehabilitation and Therapy.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2006
  • 页码 296 p.
  • 总页数 296
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 预防医学、卫生学;康复医学;
  • 关键词

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