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A risk-based classification scheme for genetically modified foods: Establishing levels of concern to guide testing requirements.

机译：转基因食品的基于风险的分类方案：建立关注水平以指导检测要求。

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摘要

Public discourse on genetically modified (GM) foods tends to focus on those aspects of recombinant DNA (rDNA) technology that heighten concerns about the potential risks of GM foods. Despite this focus of concern, a wide range of GM foods exist, including those that are modified by conventional approaches, the safety of which has not been assessed in detail. Also in contention is the likelihood of unintended effects with adverse health consequences in foods derived from crops genetically modified by more modern techniques such as rDNA, compared to those derived from crops modified by conventional techniques. Divergent views exist regarding the methods by which unintended effects should be detected and monitored. With advances in genomic technology, boundaries between conventional and modern approaches to genetic modification may become blurred. There is the need for a reliable method to efficiently differentiate GM foods that require more extensive testing and regulatory oversight from those that do not, regardless of the method of modification.;This thesis describes the factors, criteria, and aggregation rules used in determining concern levels in the proposed RBCS and the process used in its development. An exploratory evaluation of selected functional aspects of the scheme is provided. The implications of the classification scheme for the graded testing of GM foods are also discussed.;I propose a risk-based classification scheme (RBCS) to differentiate foods derived from GM crops based on levels of concern reflecting their potential to produce human health risks. Two categories of health effects are included in the scheme: (1) the potential for toxic/antinutritional effects, and (2) the potential for allergenic effects. To differentiate the sources of uncertainty about GM food risks, intended and unintended changes are classified separately with respect to potential toxic/antinutritional effects. Factors that may affect the level of risk are identified for each category of adverse health effects. Criteria for differentiating potential health risks are developed for each factor. The extent to which each factor satisfies the applicable criteria is rated separately. A concern level for each category of health effects is then determined by aggregating the ratings for the respective factors.
机译：关于转基因食品的公众讨论往往集中在重组DNA（rDNA）技术的那些方面，这些方面引起人们对转基因食品潜在风险的担忧。尽管关注的焦点仍然存在，但转基因食品的种类繁多，包括那些通过常规方法改良的食品，其安全性尚未得到详细评估。与通过传统技术改良的农作物相比，通过更现代的技术（例如rDNA）进行基因改良的农作物获得的食品中，可能产生意料之外的影响健康的不良后果。对于检测和监视意外影响的方法存在分歧。随着基因组技术的进步，传统的和现代的基因改造方法之间的界限可能变得模糊。需要一种可靠的方法来有效地区分需要进行更广泛测试和监管的转基因食品与不进行转基因食品的转基因食品，而无论采用何种改良方法。本论文介绍了用于确定关注点的因素，标准和汇总规则提议的RBCS中的各个级别及其开发过程。提供了对方案的选定功能方面的探索性评估。我还讨论了分类方案对转基因食品分级测试的意义。我提出了一种基于风险的分类方案（RBCS），用于根据反映出其潜在危害人类健康风险的关注程度来区分来自转基因作物的食品。该计划包括两类健康影响：（1）潜在的毒性/抗营养作用，以及（2）潜在的致敏作用。为了区分转基因食品风险的不确定性来源，针对潜在的毒性/抗营养作用，将有意和无意的变化分别分类。针对每种不利健康影响类别，确定了可能影响风险水平的因素。针对每个因素制定了区分潜在健康风险的标准。每个因素满足适用标准的程度分别进行评估。然后，通过汇总各个因素的等级来确定每种健康影响类别的关注水平。

著录项

  • 作者

    Chao, Eunice.;

  • 作者单位

    University of Ottawa (Canada).;

  • 授予单位 University of Ottawa (Canada).;
  • 学科 Health Sciences Public Health.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2007
  • 页码 718 p.
  • 总页数 718
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

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