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首页> 外文学位 >Determination of calcium, magnesium, and aluminum in red spruce (Picea rubens) foliage and surrounding soil from the Great Smoky Mountains National Park, Blue Ridge Parkway, and Mount Mitchell State Park using inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry.
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Determination of calcium, magnesium, and aluminum in red spruce (Picea rubens) foliage and surrounding soil from the Great Smoky Mountains National Park, Blue Ridge Parkway, and Mount Mitchell State Park using inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry.

机译：使用电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法测定大烟山国家公园，蓝岭公园路和米切尔山州立公园的红色云杉（Picea rubens）叶子和周围土壤中的钙，镁和铝。

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摘要

Red spruce (Picea rubens) trees are medium size conifers found in the Appalachian Mountains at high elevations (above 4500 ft.). Since the 1970's, several reports indicate a decline of spruce-fir forests in the Southern Appalachian Mountains caused by acid deposition. Acid deposition leaches essential nutrients out of the soil, such as calcium (Ca2+ ) and magnesium (Mg2+) cations, and increases the availability of toxic metals to plants, such as aluminum cations (Al3+). Investigation of acid deposition effects on red spruce forests was achieved by analyzing calcium, magnesium, and aluminum in foliage and soils of these forests.;Samples were collected from various locations on the Blue Ridge Parkway (NC), within the Great Smoky Mountains National Park (NC/TN) and Mt. Mitchell State Park (NC). Foliar and soil samples were collected from 30 red spruce trees (each consisted of 10 matures, 10 saplings, and 10 seedlings,) at each sample site. The concentrations of calcium, magnesium, and aluminum in the foliage and surrounding soils of red spruce trees were determined by using an acid digestion and cation exchange method, respectively. Foliar and soil samples were analyzed using Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectrometry (ICP-OES). Statistical (Student's t -- test, analysis of variance, and linear regression analysis) and geospatial analysis were performed on the results.;There was some correlation in nutrient or toxic metal concentrations found in the foliage or surrounding soils of red spruce trees with respect to elevation of red spruce forests located in the Southern Appalachian Mountains. In spite of the proximity of coal burning power plants located in eastern Tennessee, the majority of western samples sites did not exhibit lower nutrient and higher toxic metal concentrations when compared to eastern sample sites. Inconclusive evidence suggested that soil pH did not influence the nutrient or toxic metal concentrations found in the foliage or surrounding soils of red spruce forests. When foliar nutrient or toxic metal concentrations from red spruce trees were investigated as a function of soil metal concentrations, the majority of the results did not follow the hypothesis that the concentration of nutrients or toxic metals found in the surrounding soils of red spruce trees would correlate with the quantity found within the red spruce tree's foliage.;The majority of the results indicated that foliar or soil metal concentrations in mature red spruce, red spruce saplings, and red spruce seedlings were not significantly different. Soil calcium/aluminum molar ratios taken from red spruce trees located in the Southern Appalachian Mountains suggested that almost all sample sites are at high risk of adverse forests health effects. A comparison of previous studies of foliar calcium/aluminum ratios taken from red spruce saplings located at Clingman's Dome, NC/TN suggested a possible improvement, since in the 1980's, in red spruce forest health. A comparison with previous studies, which spanned 40 years, at Richland Balsam, NC of foliar calcium and magnesium concentrations taken from saplings red spruce trees, suggested a possible improvement in red spruce health at that site since 1994.
机译：红云杉（Picea rubens）树是在高海拔（4500英尺以上）的阿巴拉契亚山脉中发现的中型针叶树。自1970年代以来，几份报告表明，南部阿巴拉契亚山脉的云杉杉木林由于酸沉降而减少。酸的沉积从土壤中浸出了重要的养分，例如钙（Ca2 +）和镁（Mg2 +）阳离子，并增加了有毒金属对植物的利用率，例如铝阳离子（Al3 +）。通过分析这些云杉森林的叶子和土壤中的钙，镁和铝，可以研究酸对红云杉林的沉积作用。从大雾山国家公园内的蓝岭公园路（NC）的各个位置收集了样品（NC / TN）和Mt.米切尔州立公园（NC）。在每个采样点从30棵红色云杉树（每棵由10个成熟树苗，10个树苗和10个幼苗组成）中收集了叶面和土壤样品。通过酸消化和阳离子交换法分别测定了红云杉树木的叶子和周围土壤中的钙，镁和铝的浓度。使用电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法（ICP-OES）分析叶面和土壤样品。对结果进行统计（学生t检验，方差分析和线性回归分析）和地理空间分析;在红云杉树的叶子或周围土壤中发现的养分或有毒金属浓度存在一定的相关性到位于阿巴拉契亚山脉南部的红色云杉林的海拔。尽管位于田纳西州东部的燃煤电厂附近，但与东部采样点相比，大多数西部采样点都没有表现出较低的养分和较高的有毒金属浓度。没有确凿的证据表明，土壤pH值不会影响红云杉林的叶子或周围土壤中的养分或有毒金属浓度。当对红云杉树木的叶面养分或有毒金属浓度作为土壤金属浓度的函数进行调查时，大多数结果并未遵循以下假设：红云杉树木周围土壤中发现的养分或有毒金属浓度与结果大部分表明，成熟的红色云杉，红色云杉树苗和红色云杉幼苗中的叶或土壤金属浓度没有显着差异。从位于阿巴拉契亚山脉南部的红云杉树中测得的土壤钙/铝摩尔比表明，几乎所有采样点都有对森林健康造成不利影响的高风险。比较北卡罗来纳州/田纳西州Clingman's Dome的红云杉树苗采摘的叶钙/铝比，发现自1980年代以来，红云杉森林健康状况可能有所改善。与北卡罗来纳州里奇兰巴尔萨姆（Richland Balsam）历时40年的研究比较，该树中幼树红色云杉树的叶子中钙和镁的浓度自1994年以来一直在改善该地区的红色云杉健康状况。

著录项

  • 作者

    Rosenberg, Matthew B.;

  • 作者单位

    Western Carolina University.;

  • 授予单位 Western Carolina University.;
  • 学科 Chemistry Analytical.;Environmental Sciences.
  • 学位 M.S.
  • 年度 2010
  • 页码 108 p.
  • 总页数 108
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

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