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首页> 外文学位 >Understanding the process of agricultural adaptation to climate change: Analysis of climate-induced innovation in rice based cropping system of Nepal.
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Understanding the process of agricultural adaptation to climate change: Analysis of climate-induced innovation in rice based cropping system of Nepal.

机译：了解农业对气候变化的适应过程：尼泊尔基于水稻的种植系统中气候诱导的创新分析。

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摘要

The development of technological solutions to minimize risks of current climate can lead to two possible outcomes: increase in agricultural productivity and insights about adaptation to future climate change. Drawing upon the hypothesis of induced innovation this research investigates whether spatial variations in climatic resource prompted the development of location-specific technologies that led to an increase rice productivity in Nepal. Using the country's district level time-series data (1991/92 and 2002/03), I examine whether districts with comparatively lower initial rice productivity levels have increased their rates of production relatively faster than those with higher initial productivity. Complementing this analysis with relevant case studies, I also investigate the extent to which Nepal's research establishments have provided farmers with technological options to alleviate climatic constraints in rice cultivation across the country's climatically diverse terrain.; I find that rice productivity has increased steadily across the districts of Nepal during the 12 year period and is not just skewed towards climatically favorable regions but is also observed in areas that are relatively marginal for rice production. While the emerging patterns of productivity growth may have been the autonomous response to the increasing demand, it may also have been facilitated by conscious decisions to develop technologies that are location-specific. I find that the research establishments in Nepal have developed technological innovations as a buffer against the deleterious effect of climatic risks. The findings from both empirical and qualitative assessments indicate that Nepal's research establishment is engaged in and committed to the development of location-specific technologies that address the constraints of climate. The outcome of such commitment has been a series of technological innovations such as development of drought resistant varieties, improved irrigation management and agronomic practices, and change in research and development policies. Together, this may have been responsible for higher yields among districts with marginal climate, which have subsequently led to convergence of the rice productivity growth rate in the country. If the current trend in limiting the deleterious effects of climate in agriculture through appropriate technological as well as institutional changes continues then the prospect of adapting to future climate is more plausible in Nepal.
机译：开发技术解决方案以最大程度地降低当前气候的风险可以导致两个可能的结果：提高农业生产力以及对适应未来气候变化的见识。基于诱导创新的假设，本研究调查了气候资源的空间变化是否促进了针对特定地点的技术的发展，从而提高了尼泊尔的稻米生产力。使用该国的地区级时间序列数据（1991/92和2002/03），我检查了初始稻米生产力水平相对较低的地区是否比那些初始稻米生产力较高的地区提高了生产率。通过相关案例研究对分析进行补充，我还调查了尼泊尔的研究机构在多大程度上为农民提供了技术选择，以减轻该国气候多样地区的水稻种植中的气候限制。我发现，在过去的12年中，尼泊尔各地区的稻米生产率一直稳定增长，不仅偏向气候有利地区，而且在稻米生产相对边缘的地区也观察到。生产力增长的新兴模式可能是对不断增长的需求的自主响应，但明智的决策也可能促进了针对特定位置的技术的开发。我发现尼泊尔的研究机构已经开发出技术创新，以缓冲气候风险的不利影响。从经验和定性评估中得出的结果都表明，尼泊尔的研究机构致力于并致力于发展针对气候的定位技术。这种承诺的结果是一系列技术创新，例如开发抗旱品种，改善灌溉管理和农艺方法，以及改变研发政策。总之，这可能是气候边缘地区单产提高的原因，这随后导致该国稻米生产率增长率趋于一致。如果目前的趋势通过适当的技术和机构变革来限制气候对农业的有害影响继续存在，那么在尼泊尔，适应未来气候的前景就更加合理。

著录项

  • 作者

    Chhetri, Netra B.;

  • 作者单位

    The Pennsylvania State University.;

  • 授予单位 The Pennsylvania State University.;
  • 学科 Agriculture Agronomy.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2007
  • 页码 212 p.
  • 总页数 212
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 农学（农艺学）;
  • 关键词

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