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首页> 外文期刊>Applied Geography >Institutional and technological innovation: understanding agricultural adaptation to climate change in Nepal. (Special Section: Resilience, adaptation, and innovation: applied geographies of climate change.)
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Institutional and technological innovation: understanding agricultural adaptation to climate change in Nepal. (Special Section: Resilience, adaptation, and innovation: applied geographies of climate change.)

机译：制度和技术创新：了解尼泊尔对气候变化的农业适应。 （特别部分：复原力，适应和创新：气候变化的应用地理区域。）

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摘要

History shows that farmers and their supporting institutions have been successful in introducing technological innovations to respond and adapt to environmental and socioeconomic challenges. Innovation itself is a mechanism by which society adapt to changing resource endowments, and which is in turn driven by social and cultural values. In the future, as resource conditions changes, the role of institutions in the process of technological innovations would be crucial to avoid deleterious consequences of climate change in agriculture. Using Nepal as a case, this paper illustrates how farmers and their supporting institutions are evolving and co-producing climate sensitive technologies on demand. Drawing upon the hypothesis of induced innovation, we examine the extent to which resource endowments have influenced the evolution of technological and institutional innovations in Nepal's agricultural research and development. This study reveals that Nepal has developed a novel multilevel institutional partnership, including collaboration with farmers and other non-governmental organizations in recent years. More importantly, by combining conventional technological innovation process with the tacit knowledge of farmers, this new alliance has been instrumental in the innovation of location-specific technologies thereby facilitating the adoption of technologies in a more efficient manner. This alliance has improved knowledge network among institutions, scientists and farmers and enabled them to seek technologies that are responsive to likely changes in climate.
机译：历史表明，农民及其支持机构已经成功地引入了技术创新，以应对和适应环境和社会经济挑战。创新本身是一种机制，社会可以通过这种机制来适应不断变化的资源end赋，而这种机制又会受到社会和文化价值观的驱动。将来，随着资源条件的变化，机构在技术创新过程中的作用对于避免气候变化对农业的有害影响至关重要。本文以尼泊尔为例，阐述了农民及其支持机构如何根据需求发展和共同生产对气候敏感的技术。利用诱导创新的假设，我们研究了资源end赋在多大程度上影响了尼泊尔农业研发中技术和机构创新的发展。这项研究表明，尼泊尔近年来建立了新颖的多层次机构伙伴关系，包括与农民和其他非政府组织的合作。更重要的是，通过将常规技术创新过程与农民的默契知识相结合，这一新联盟在定位技术的创新中发挥了作用，从而促进了技术的更有效采用。该联盟改善了机构，科学家和农民之间的知识网络，使他们能够寻找对气候可能变化做出反应的技术。

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