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The behavioral physiology of competitive ability in recently wild-derived male house mice (Mus musculus).

机译：在最近野生的雄性家鼠（小家鼠）中竞争能力的行为生理学。

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摘要

Social dominance is the most important known behavior to reproductive success of males across the animal kingdom. A high social dominance rank is usually gained by physical competition or signals displaying competitor quality. Despite its importance in shaping the diversity seen in the animal kingdom, little is known about specific traits that promote high competitive ability within an individual. In this dissertation, I begin to elucidate some of the behavioral physiology underpinning competitive ability in the premier mammalian model system, the house mice (Mus musculus). House mice are ideally suited for this study because of a well-characterized natural history demonstrating that dominant males gain ∼90% of all fitness, while still having to perform many other behaviors, such as foraging.;In this dissertation, I provide an overview of the some hypothesized constraints on the evolution of competitive ability and phenotypic trade-offs with other important life-history traits. Second, I describe an experiment that investigated multiple traits at several levels of biological for their possible influence on competitive ability. I demonstrate that competitive ability is heritable, moderately influenced by relative body mass, and negatively influence by litter sex ratio. No effect of litter size, relative age, or placement order was seen. Third, I demonstrate that aggression and competitive ability are distinct phenomena in this system. Next, I demonstrate that primary signaling pheromone of house mice, major urinary proteins, do not advertise rank but are responsive to social experience. Finally, I switch clades and demonstrate that relative brain size in primates is positively associated with intensity of male-male competition. Collectively, this project demonstrates that competitive ability is an extremely complicated phenotype and merits a great deal more study.
机译：社会主导地位是整个动物界雄性繁殖成功的最重要的已知行为。通常通过体育比赛或显示竞争对手素质的信号来获得较高的社会支配地位。尽管它对塑造动物界中的多样性具有重要意义，但对于促进个体内部高竞争能力的特定性状知之甚少。在这篇论文中，我开始阐明一些在主要的哺乳动物模型系统（家鼠）中增强竞争能力的行为生理学。家鼠非常适合这项研究，因为其自然历史特征充分说明，优势雄性可获得约90％的体能，同时还必须执行许多其他行为，例如觅食。假设的一些限制因素对竞争能力的演变以及与其他重要的生活史特征的表型取舍。其次，我描述了一个实验，该实验研究了几个生物学水平上的多个性状对竞争能力的可能影响。我证明了竞争能力是可遗传的，受相对体重的影响中等，而受同窝性别比率的影响则不利。没有发现垫料大小，相对年龄或放置顺序的影响。第三，我证明了侵略性和竞争能力是该系统中不同的现象。接下来，我证明了家鼠的主要信号信息素，即主要的尿蛋白，不宣传等级，但对社交经历有反应。最后，我切换进化枝，并证明灵长类动物的相对大脑大小与男女竞争的强度呈正相关。总的来说，该项目证明了竞争能力是一个极其复杂的表型，值得进一步研究。

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  • 作者

    Cunningham, Christopher B.;

  • 作者单位

    The University of Utah.;

  • 授予单位 The University of Utah.;
  • 学科 Biology Anatomy.;Biology Physiology.;Psychology Behavioral Sciences.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2013
  • 页码 146 p.
  • 总页数 146
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

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