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首页> 外文学位 >Coronary vessel quantification for interventional device sizing using inverse geometry x-ray fluoroscopy.
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Coronary vessel quantification for interventional device sizing using inverse geometry x-ray fluoroscopy.

机译：使用逆几何X射线荧光检查法确定介入器械尺寸的冠状血管量化。

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摘要

Proper interventional device selection is critical for effective treatment of lesions in coronary arteries. Ideally, the device (angioplasty balloon, stent, etc.) should be as long as the coronary stenosis, and when deployed, the diameter should match that of nearby healthy artery segments. Quantitative coronary angiography (QCA) can be used to support device size selection, but the accuracy of measurements using conventional x-ray fluoroscopy depends on proper calibration of vessel magnification with a reference object and avoiding vessel foreshortening. Scanning Beam Digital X-ray (SBDX) is a low-dose inverse geometry x-ray fluoroscopy system that produces multiple tomosynthetic images at 15-30 frames/sec instead of conventional 2D projections. It is hypothesized that by using the out-of-plane blurring property of tomosynthesis imaging, the coronary vessels can be localized in 3D in a single frame period. This information can then be used to directly measure the vessel diameter and true vessel length, without calibration and when the vessel appears foreshortened.;This dissertation describes the design and validation of a vessel sizing algorithm based on this principle. An initial implementation demonstrated the feasibility of calibration-free vessel sizing in phantoms over a range of magnifications and degrees of foreshortening. The algorithm was redesigned to improve robustness under sub-optimal imaging conditions. Further validation was performed in phantoms using a range of vessel magnifications, degrees of foreshortening, and levels of image quality. For vessel phantoms with a peak signal difference to noise ratio between 2 and 10 at an angle ≤ 45° relative to the image plane, the length error (mean +/- 1 SD) was 0.01 +/- 1.12 mm and the diameter error was 0.02 +/- 0.08 mm. The algorithm was validated in vivo by comparing results to "gold standard" measurements (intravascular ultrasound for diameter, CT angiography for segment length). Using a healthy porcine model, vessel measurement errors were -0.49 +/- 1.76 mm for length and 0.07 +/- 0.27 mm for diameter. Results in phantoms and in vivo demonstrate this technique can accurately determine vessel lengths and diameters in a range of clinically relevant conditions, without the limitations of conventional methods, which require magnification calibration and the avoidance of foreshortening.
机译：正确选择介入设备对于有效治疗冠状动脉病变至关重要。理想情况下，设备（血管成形术球囊，支架等）应与冠状动脉狭窄一样长，并且在展开时，直径应与附近的健康动脉段的直径匹配。定量冠状动脉造影（QCA）可用于支持设备尺寸的选择，但是使用常规X射线荧光透视术的测量准确度取决于对带有参考物体的血管放大率的正确校准以及避免血管缩短。扫描束数字X射线（SBDX）是一种低剂量反几何X射线荧光透视系统，可以以15-30帧/秒的速度生成多个断层合成图像，而不是传统的2D投影。假设通过使用断层合成成像的平面外模糊特性，可以在单个帧周期内将冠状血管定位在3D模式下。该信息可直接用于测量血管直径和血管的真实长度，而无需校准和缩短血管的出现时间。本论文介绍了基于此原理的血管大小算法的设计和验证。最初的实施证明了在各种放大倍率和缩短程度下，用幻影进行无标定容器尺寸的可行性。重新设计了算法，以提高在次优成像条件下的鲁棒性。使用一系列的血管放大倍率，缩短的程度和图像质量水平，在幻像中进行了进一步的验证。对于相对于图像平面成≤45°角的峰信号差噪比在2与10之间的血管模型，其长度误差（平均值+/- 1 SD）为0.01 +/- 1.12 mm，直径误差为0.02 +/- 0.08毫米通过将结果与“黄金标准”测量结果（直径的血管内超声，段长度的CT血管造影）进行比较，对算法进行了体内验证。使用健康的猪模型，血管测量误差的长度为-0.49 +/- 1.76 mm，直径为0.07 +/- 0.27 mm。体模和体内的结果表明，该技术可以在一定范围的临床相关条件下准确确定血管长度和直径，而不受常规方法的限制，常规方法需要放大倍数校准和避免缩短。

著录项

  • 作者

    Tomkowiak, Michael T.;

  • 作者单位

    The University of Wisconsin - Madison.;

  • 授予单位 The University of Wisconsin - Madison.;
  • 学科 Health Sciences Radiology.;Engineering Biomedical.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2013
  • 页码 200 p.
  • 总页数 200
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

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