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Essays on market access through collective action: Analyses of factors affecting the formation, success, and impact of farmer marketing groups in Kenya.

机译：通过集体行动获得市场准入的论文：分析影响肯尼亚农民营销组织的形成，成功和影响的因素。

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摘要

Many smallholder farmers in developing countries suffer from poor access to vital financial services, improved inputs, and product markets. Collective action (CA), through the fostering of organizations such as farmer marketing groups, is frequently advocated as a solution to these problems. This study looks at the factors that contribute to the ability of such groups in semi-arid areas of rural Kenya to emerge, survive, and grow; the willingness of farmers to join and patronize them; and the impact of these groups on farmers' incomes and price risk.;This work is based on transaction cost economic theory, which explains why economic agents choose different institutional arrangements ("governance structures") to mediate different types of economic transactions as the structure of transaction costs associated with the exchange vary (Williamson, 1979). We also use the work of Mancur Olson (1965) and Elinor Ostrom on CA to help frame our analysis.;Using household panel and producer-level data collected from Kenya in 2003, 2005, and 2007, the dissertation is organized in five chapters. Chapter 1 reviews briefly the literature on CA and the study area background. Chapter 2 explores in depth the conditions necessary for effective and sustainable producer marketing groups (PMGs) to emerge. The study utilizes both qualitative approaches (case studies) and quantitative approaches (fractional logit and quantile regression) in the analysis. We develop a Group's Success Index and a Group Analysis Framework to identify intervention areas to improve groups' success rates. Chapter 3 explores the correlates of participation in PMGs (whether or not to join the organizations), patronage (the share of sales through the PMG once one has joined) using a Heckman selection model; and the number of CA efforts a farmer joins, estimated using Poisson regression. Chapter 4 examines the impact of PMGs on members' crop incomes and the price risk they face for their crops. We apply a difference in differences (DiD) model for this impact assessment. Chapter 5 discusses important results throughout the study as well as policy implications of the results and limitations in the study.;The results from chapter 2 show that the presence of an altruistic leader or a "core group", good governance structures, diverse activities and regular financial subscription to the group improves success rate. Using a blend of quantitative and qualitative (methods triangulation) analysis, the results provide a broader and a deeper perspective of producer marketing group dynamics and sources of their success. In chapter 3, we find that households that had received assistance from a development agent were more likely to join a group and increase patronage. Access to mobile phones reduced farmer CA participation. Factors such as a democratic group, diverse membership, reciprocity, and risk-mitigating strategies increased CA participation. In chapter 4, the study finds that PMGs do not reduce members' price risk; however, participation did improve crop incomes for PMG members compared to non-members.
机译：发展中国家的许多小农户因无法获得重要的金融服务，投入增加和产品市场而受苦。人们经常提倡通过促进农民市场营销组织等组织的集体行动来解决这些问题。这项研究着眼于促成肯尼亚农村半干旱地区这类人群出现，生存和成长的能力的因素。农民愿意加入并光顾他们；这些工作基于交易成本经济学理论，它解释了为什么经济主体选择不同的制度安排（“治理结构”）来调解不同类型的经济交易作为结构与交易所相关的交易成本的变化（Williamson，1979）。我们还使用了Mancur Olson（1965）和Elinor Ostrom在CA上的工作来帮助我们进行分析。通过使用2003年，2005年和2007年从肯尼亚收集的家庭小组数据和生产者水平数据，本文分为五个章节。第1章简要回顾了有关CA和研究领域背景的文献。第2章深入探讨了有效和可持续的生产者营销小组（PMG）出现的必要条件。该研究在分析中同时使用了定性方法（案例研究）和定量方法（分数对数和分位数回归）。我们制定了小组的成功指数和小组分析框架，以识别干预领域以提高小组的成功率。第3章使用Heckman选择模型探讨了参与PMG（是否加入组织），光顾（通过加入PMG获得的销售份额）的相关性。以及通过Poisson回归估算的农民参与的CA努力数量。第4章研究了PMG对成员作物收成的影响以及成员所面临的作物价格风险。我们对此差异评估应用差异差异（DiD）模型。第5章讨论了整个研究中的重要结果，以及研究结果和研究局限性的政策含义。;第2章的结果表明，利他主义的领导者或“核心小​​组”的存在，良好的治理结构，多样化的活动和定期向该团体进行财务订阅可以提高成功率。综合使用定量分析和定性分析（方法三角剖分）方法，结果为生产者营销团队的动态及其成功来源提供了更广阔，更深入的视角。在第三章中，我们发现从开发代理商那里获得援助的家庭更有可能加入一个团体并增加光顾。使用手机减少了农民CA的参与。诸如民主团体，成员多样化，互惠互利和减轻风险战略等因素增加了CA的参与度。在第4章中，研究发现PMG并不能降低会员的价格风险。但是，与非成员相比，参与确实提高了PMG成员的作物收入。

著录项

  • 作者

    Sindi, Julius Kirimi.;

  • 作者单位

    Michigan State University.;

  • 授予单位 Michigan State University.;
  • 学科 Business Administration Marketing.;Economics General.;Economics Agricultural.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2013
  • 页码 222 p.
  • 总页数 222
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

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