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首页> 外文学位 >Exposure of non-smoking U.S. adolescents to environmental tobacco smoke: Setting-specific subpopulation trends from 2000-2009, setting-specific correlates, and association of exposure with susceptibility to initiate smoking.
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Exposure of non-smoking U.S. adolescents to environmental tobacco smoke: Setting-specific subpopulation trends from 2000-2009, setting-specific correlates, and association of exposure with susceptibility to initiate smoking.

机译：美国非吸烟青少年对环境烟草烟雾的暴露：2000年至2009年特定环境的亚人群趋势，特定环境的相关性以及暴露与开始吸烟的易感性的关联。

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摘要

Statement of the Problem: This dissertation identifies among non-smoking U.S. adolescents: (a) subpopulation trends from 2000-2009 in environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) exposure in cars (ETSC) and in rooms (ETSR); (b) correlates of ETSC and ETSR exposures, respectively, in 2009; and (c) an estimate of the association between ETS exposure and susceptibility to initiate smoking in 2009.;Methods: The study was a secondary analysis of National Youth Tobacco Survey (NYTS) data sets from 2000, 2002, 2004, 2006 and 2009. Subpopulation trends were identified through multivariate logistic regression models controlling for gender, grade level, and race/ethnicity using datasets from all measured years. Using the most recent---i.e., 2009---dataset, correlates of ETSC and ETSR exposures were identified through multivariate logistic regression models. Using the same dataset, associations between ETS exposure and susceptibility to initiate smoking were identified first through multivariate logistic regression models and then through propensity score matching statistical techniques.;Results: Significant downward linear trends in ETSC and ETSR exposures were identified for all measured subpopulations of adolescents from 2000-2009, except for ETSC exposure among Native Hawaiians/Pacific Islander students. Downward trends in both ETSC and ETSR exposures for male students were significantly steeper than the downward trend for female students. For ETSC, the downward trend for Black students was significantly steeper than the downward trend for White students. For ETSR, the downward trend for White students was significantly steeper than the downward trends for both Hispanic and Native Hawaiian/Pacific Islander students. Gender, race/ethnicity, personal income, number of friends who smoke, residing with a smoker, and having rules about smoking at home were identified as significant correlates for both ETSC and ETSR exposure. Analyses showed that ETS exposure was significantly associated with susceptibility to initiate smoking in both the full sample of non-smoking adolescents and a smaller sample of non-smoking adolescents who were matched on their propensity for exposure to ETS. Implications of results and practical advice for health professionals are addressed.
机译：问题陈述：本论文确定了美国非吸烟青少年：（a）2000-2009年汽车和房间内环境烟草烟雾（ETS）暴露的亚人群趋势（ETSC）； （b）2009年ETSC和ETSR暴露的相关性； （c）对ETS暴露与2009年开始吸烟的易感性之间的相关性的估计。方法：该研究是对2000、2002、2004、2006和2009年全国青少年烟草调查（NYTS）数据集的二次分析。通过使用所有测量年份的数据集通过性别，等级水平和种族/种族控制的多元逻辑回归模型，确定亚人群趋势。使用最新的数据集（即2009年），通过多元logistic回归模型确定了ETSC和ETSR暴露的相关性。使用相同的数据集，首先通过多元logistic回归模型然后通过倾向得分匹配统计技术确定ETS暴露与吸烟易感性之间的关联;结果：对于ETSC和ETSR暴露的所有测得亚人群，均确定了ETSC和ETSR暴露的显着线性下降趋势。 2000-2009年的青少年，但夏威夷原住民/太平洋岛民学生的ETSC暴露除外。男学生的ETSC和ETSR暴露的下降趋势明显比女学生的下降趋势陡峭。对于ETSC，黑人学生的下降趋势明显比白人学生的下降趋势陡峭。对于ETSR，白人学生的下降趋势远比西班牙裔学生和夏威夷/太平洋岛民土著学生的下降趋势陡峭。性别，种族/民族，个人收入，吸烟的朋友数量，与吸烟者住在一起以及在家中有吸烟规则被确定为ETSC和ETSR暴露的显着相关因素。分析表明，在全部非吸烟青少年样本和较小样本的非吸烟青少年样本中，ETS暴露与开始吸烟的敏感性显着相关，这些样本的暴露倾向与ETS匹配。研究结果对健康专业人员的影响和实践建议。

著录项

  • 作者

    McIntire, Russell K.;

  • 作者单位

    Indiana University.;

  • 授予单位 Indiana University.;
  • 学科 Public health.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2013
  • 页码 168 p.
  • 总页数 168
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

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